Observations on the ultrastructure of nerve cells in the brain of the planarian, Dugesia gonocephala

Oosaki, Takeo; Ishii, Saburo

doi:10.1007/bf00342956

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The cells in this area appeared to be nerve cells, as they possessed a type of neurosecretory vesicle in their cytoplasm, as has been previously reported (Fig. 6E, arrows; Oosaki and Ishii, 1965). We found that DjCBC-1 signals were localized on the chromatoid body-like structures (Fig.…”

Section: Djcbc-1 Protein Forms Chromatoid Body-like Complexes In Braisupporting

confidence: 85%

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DjCBC‐1, a conserved DEAD box RNA helicase of the RCK/p54/Me31B family, is a component of RNA‐protein complexes in planarian stem cells and neurons

Yoshida-Kashikawa¹,

Shibata

Takechi³

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

115

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The stem cells of planarians, known as neoblasts, can give rise to all cell types in planarians. Neoblasts can be identified by electron microscopy as cells with electron-dense chromatoid bodies, which are large RNP (ribonucleoprotein) complexes, in their cytoplasm. However, the components and function of chromatoid bodies are still relatively unknown. Here we identified a DEAD box RNA helicase gene of the RCK/p54/Me31B family from a planarian EST database and showed the localization of its product in chromatoid bodies by immunoelectron microscopy. We named this gene Djcbc-1 (Dugesia japonica chromatoid body component 1). Djcbc-1 was also strongly expressed in the brain and in the germline stem cells of sexualized planarians. We observed chromatoid body-like electron-dense bodies in brain neurons, where DjCBC-1 was also expressed. These observations suggest that common molecular components of RNP complexes may be involved in the regulation of somatic and germline stem cells, and neurons in planarians. Developmental Dynamics 236:3436 -3450, 2007.

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Section: Djcbc-1 Protein Forms Chromatoid Body-like Complexes In Braisupporting

confidence: 85%

“…6E, arrowhead). These electron-dense bodies were 0.1-0.3 m in diameter and were not bound by a membrane, so they clearly were not dense bodies surrounded by a membrane (Oosaki and Ishii, 1965). …”

Section: Djcbc-1 Protein Forms Chromatoid Body-like Complexes In Braimentioning

confidence: 95%

DjCBC‐1, a conserved DEAD box RNA helicase of the RCK/p54/Me31B family, is a component of RNA‐protein complexes in planarian stem cells and neurons

Yoshida-Kashikawa¹,

Shibata

Takechi³

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

115

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“…2A). Nuclear staining showed the cellular organization of the new ganglia, with most of the neuronal cell bodies in the periphery surrounding a central neuropil (Oosaki and Ishii, 1965;Morita and Best, 1965;Morita and Best, 1966) (Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planarian homologs ofnetrinandnetrin receptorare required for proper regeneration of the central nervous system and the maintenance of nervous system architecture

2005

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“…The two halves of the brain are connected by one or more commissures, depending on the species (Agata et al 1998;Cebrià et al 2002c;Hyman 1951;Lentz 1968;Reuter et al 1995b;Reuter et al 1996a;Rieger et al 1991). The brain is organized as a central neuropil surrounded by an outer layer of neuronal cell bodies (Morita and Best 1965;Morita and Best 1966;Oosaki and Ishii 1965), and it displays a typical spongy texture, as it is traversed by muscles and processes from secretory cells (Baguñà and Ballester 1978). A large number of different sensory nerves leave the brain and connect with the margins and sensory organs of the head (Hyman 1951;Rieger et al 1991).…”

Section: Structure Of the Planarian Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Further characterization of these cells and detailed expression and functional analyses of planarian homologues of genes such as gcm (glial cells missing), glial maturation factor B, and glial factor-1, identified from an EST database (Zayas et al 2005) should help to reveal the distribution of glia-like cells in the planarian nervous system. Planarian neurons are characterized by a high content of secretory vesicles (Oosaki and Ishii 1965;Reuter and Gustafsson 1989). The different types of vesicles have been used to distinguish different types of neurons in the planarian brain.…”

Section: Types Of Planarian Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerating the central nervous system: how easy for planarians!

2007

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The regenerative capabilities of freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes) are very difficult to match. A fragment as tiny as 1/279th of the planarian body is able to regenerate a whole animal within very few days [Morgan. Arch Entwm 7:364-397 (1898)]. Although the planarian central nervous system (CNS) may appear quite morphologically simple, recent studies have shown it to be more complex at the molecular level, revealing a high degree of molecular compartmentalization in planarian cephalic ganglia. Planarian neural genes include homologues of well-known transcription factors and genes involved in human diseases, neurotransmission, axon guidance, signaling pathways, and RNA metabolism. The availability of hundreds of genes expressed in planarian neurons coupled with the ability to silence them through the use of RNA interference makes it possible to start unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying CNS regeneration. In this review, I discuss current knowledge on the planarian nervous system and the genes involved in its regeneration, and I discuss some of the important questions that remain to be answered.

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Observations on the ultrastructure of nerve cells in the brain of the planarian, Dugesia gonocephala

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

DjCBC‐1, a conserved DEAD box RNA helicase of the RCK/p54/Me31B family, is a component of RNA‐protein complexes in planarian stem cells and neurons

DjCBC‐1, a conserved DEAD box RNA helicase of the RCK/p54/Me31B family, is a component of RNA‐protein complexes in planarian stem cells and neurons

Planarian homologs ofnetrinandnetrin receptorare required for proper regeneration of the central nervous system and the maintenance of nervous system architecture

Regenerating the central nervous system: how easy for planarians!

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