Observed climate variability over Chad using multiple observational and reanalysis datasets

Maharana, P.; Abdel‐Lathif, Ahmat Younous; Pattnayak, Kanhu Charan

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.01.013

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Rainfall is highest over Moundou (9.09 cm per month), Sarh (8.37 cm per month), and Lere (6.96 cm per month), while least over Faya (0.30 cm per month; Table ). These findings agree with earlier studies (Maharana et al, ). Therefore, cities in southern Chad receive more rainfall than those in north/northeast of the country.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This stabilized during the recovery period with standardized anomalies between +1 and −1. This behavior of rainfall over these locations is in agreement with the overall monsoon behavior over Chad (Maharana et al, ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Since then rainfall has decreased as is evident from the negative standardized rainfall anomalies. The peak rainfall is at Moundou (9.09 cm per month) with a standard deviation (1.32 mm/day, (Diallo et al, 2014;Maharana et al, 2018), the variability is comparable to the cities in southern Chad (Table 1). Abeche had frequent excess rainfall years during the wet period (1950)(1951)(1952)(1953)(1954)(1955)(1956)(1957)(1958)(1959)(1960)(1961)(1962)(1963)(1964)(1965).…”

Section: Rainfall and Temperature Interannual Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This reflects the behavior of rainfall is different for different cities in these periods of study in terms of both mean rainfall and median value (Figure ). It is discussed earlier that the rainfall band during monsoon abruptly jumps northward with the onset of WAM and causes rainfall over Chad (Maharana et al, ). This is the reason the maximum rainfall received in the cities of southern Chad.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The long‐term trend of annual, seasonal as well as the monthly trends rainfall and temperature are over the major cities have been analyzed to compute the annual, seasonal as well as the monthly trends using a well‐adopted nonparametric MK test (Alexander et al, ; Maharana et al, ; Tan & Gan, ; Westra et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing Climate Over Chad: Is the Rainfall Over the Major Cities Recovering?

Pattnayak

Abdel‐Lathif

Rathakrishnan

et al. 2019

Earth and Space Science

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Chad is the largest country of the Sahel region with different climatic zones, varying from arid in the north to tropical in the south. These climatic zones respond differently to climate change signals. Therefore, their detection over major cities, which are scattered within different climatic zones, is of utmost importance. The changes in hydroclimatic fields such as rainfall and temperature were examined over the major cities in various regions for the period 1950 to 2014. Rainfall shows a significant decreasing trend especially over cities close to Lake Chad (Lere, Mondou, Mongo, and Sarh), whereas no significant trend is observed for cities farther from the Lake. However, a consistently increasing trend in temperature is found across all cities. The cities in the north (Faya, Abeche, and Ati) receive far less rainfall than those located in southern Chad. All cities (except Faya and Lere) received higher rainfall during 1950–1965 (wet period), entering a dry regime between 1966 and 1990 (dry period) and subsequently recovering rainfall totals, toward previous levels, between 1991 and 2014 (recovery phase). A substantial rise in air temperature is observed after 1980–1985, reflecting the gradual rise of temperature in recent times. In summary, rainfall is recovering from a dry regime and temperature is rising over all the major cities of Chad. More researches in this region is needed to develop local scale mitigation strategies and adaptation technology.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Rainfall and Temperature Interannual Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing Climate Over Chad: Is the Rainfall Over the Major Cities Recovering?

Pattnayak

Abdel‐Lathif

Rathakrishnan

et al. 2019

Earth and Space Science

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On the heat waves over India and their future projections under different SSP scenarios from CMIP6 models

Norgate,

Tiwari,

Das

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Thirteen Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models were employed to simulate mean, maximum, and minimum temperature across 7 homogenous temperature regions of India for both annual and summer season (June, July, and August (JJA)). The model fidelity was assessed by comparing them with observed Climate Research Unit temperature dataset. The JJA multi‐model ensemble for the present (1981–2014) suggests large warm biases in the temperature. Although the models could simulate the spatial variability of the mean and maximum temperature over most of the homogeneous regions, they do not compare well for representing the temporal variability. We also found, that although different individual models have strengths and weaknesses in representing spatial and temporal temperature characteristics over India, a few of the models perform better than the others. For example, CNRM‐CM6 could better represent the spatial temperature patterns however they struggle in capturing the temporal variability. HadGEM3‐GC31‐LL, KACE‐1‐0G, and UKESM1‐0‐LL are comparably the best‐performing models for temporal temperature features over India. The annual maximum temperature during far future period is projected to increase by 1.5°C, 2.3°C, and 4.1°C for Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5, and SSP5‐8.5 respectively. At regional scales, JJA mean temperature for SSP5‐8.5 revealed significant increases in Interior Peninsula (3.8°C), Western Himalaya (5.6°C), Northwest (3.9°C), West Coast (3.6°C), East Coast (3.6°C), Northeast (3.6°C), and North Central (3.8°C), highlighting the Western Himalaya's heightened sensitivity. Further, heat wave frequency is projected to rise, with the northern territories (NW, NC, NE, and part of IP) most affected, anticipating week‐long heat waves affecting around 50% of India's population under stronger SSPs. Such unprecedented impacts seem to be less profound in case of abatement scenarios such as the SSP1‐2.6. Our findings support the urgent need for more ambitious mitigation and adaptation strategies to alleviate the public health impacts of climate change.

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