Observed Momentum Transport in Monsoon Convective Cloud Bands

Rao, Gandikota V.; Hor, Tai-Hwa

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1991)119<1075:omtimc>2.0.co;2

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Also, the and dv/dz had the same sign at altitudes higher than 450 m. It shows the countergradient transport again. Since the v component wind was perpendicular to the frontal system, this finding agrees with LeMone (1983) for a GATE cloud band and Rao and Hor (1991) for a SMONEX cloud band.…”

Section: ) Deviated Density Fieldsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…8). The distribution of the pressure field resembled the GATE (GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment) and SMONEX (Summer MONsoon EXperiment) cloud bands in the development of a low pressure system immediately to the rear of the leading edge (LeMone, 1983;Rao and Hor, 1991).…”

Section: P-3 In-situ Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Actually, this property is called the countergradient momentum transport. Many case studies suggest that two-dimensional convection in the atmosphere can transport momentum normal to the system up the vertical shear gradient, for example countergradient transfer (Newton, 1950;Starr, 1966;Shapiro and Stevens, 1980;LeMone, 1983;Rao and Hor, 1991). Also, the and dv/dz had the same sign at altitudes higher than 450 m. It shows the countergradient transport again.…”

Section: ) Deviated Density Fieldmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The identification of the leading edge at each flight leg was quite significant for completing the composite of the frontal system. The sudden increase in intensity of turbulence wi2, w'3 and product of u' and w' for more than 2-3 km in horizontal scale was used to identify the exact position of the leading edge at each flight level (LeMone, 1983;Rao and Hor, 1991). The abrupt changes of horizontal wind direction and speed were also good indications to support the determination.…”

Section: P-3 In-situ Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, in addition to confirming the shallowness of the Mei-yu front, we employed NOAA P-3 in-situ and airborne radar data to determine the exact position of the frontal leading edge at six different flight legs off the east coast of Taiwan on 15 June, depending on the turbulence intensity (LeMone, 1983;Rao and Hor, 1991) as measured by w'2, w'3, and u'w', and composited the mesoscale kinematic, dynamic and thermodynamic structures. Also, the calculations of horizontal divergence, relative vorticity, vertical velocity, perturbation of air density and kinetic energy transfer between the frontal system and its environment were executed in order to investigate the fine-scale structures and sources of vigor for its maintenance in the frontal system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Mesoscale Structures of Air Flow in a Mei-yu Front Leading Edge Observed by Aircraft off the East Coast of Taiwan during TAMEX IOP 9

Hor¹,

Chang²,

Jou

1998

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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In order to investigate the mesoscale structures and appropriate mechanisms for their maintenance in the Mei-yu front leading edge during the TAMEX (Taiwan Area Mesoscale EXperiment) TOP 9 (15 June 1987) off the east coast of Taiwan, we measured the fine-scale in-situ data by different sensors and sensed radar data by two airborne radars mounted on the NOAA P-3 research aircraft traversing the frontal system at six different altitudes. Based upon the sudden increase of the turbulence intensities, the position of the frontal leading edge at each flight level was identified exactly and, after deducting the propagating distance of the frontal system, the composited vertical cross sections of the system in kinematics, dynamics and thermodynamics was feasible.The significant findings are: the frontal edge was parallel to the isolines of horizontal component of wind and perturbed air density and the frontal edge demonstrated a well-defined density current, the variation of thermodynamic parameters was not obvious, but the pattern of potential temperature revealed a cold core in the lower level behind the frontal edge, which coincided with the position of the heaviest air density. The probable mechanisms for the propagation of the density current and the maintenance of the frontal system were proposed to be the intense horizontal pressure gradient force from rear to front in the cold core region and the moderate convective instability at the head of the system as well as the kinetic energy transport from the mean flow.

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Section: ) Deviated Density Fieldsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: P-3 In-situ Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 77%