Observer efficiency and weights in a multiple observation task

Berg, Bruce G.

doi:10.1121/1.399962

Cited by 88 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We propose that the higher weight on segments with a higher mean level could be due to attention to the most physically intense elements. In fact, it has been reported that more intense elements receive higher weight even if they provide less information about the correct response than do less intense elements (Berg, 1990;Lutfi & Jesteadt, 2006;Turner & Berg, 2007) or, alternatively, and in many cases equivalently, that louder elements receive higher weight (e.g., . A potential explanation might be that more intense elements have a higher saliency than do less intense elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the near-zero weights assigned to the fade-in segments mean that listeners did not make optimal use of the information available for classifying a given sound as either soft or loud (see Berg, 1990). As a consequence, was the accuracy in the absolute identification task inferior in the fade-in conditions?…”

Section: Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To answer this question, we imposed random and independent level perturbations on the temporal segments. If, now, the participant assigns a high weight to a particular temporal segment of the sound-that is, if attention is directed to this temporal segment (Berg, 1990)-there will be a strong correlation between the random level perturbation imposed on this segment and the response of the participant. If, conversely, the segment is unimportant for the decision, the responses will be statistically independent of the random variation (Oberfeld, 2008a;Richards & Zhu, 1994).…”

Section: Experiments 1: Effects Of a Fade-inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The temporal weighting of loudness: effects of the level profile

Oberfeld

Plank

2010

Atten Percept Psychophys

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In four experiments, we studied the influence of the level profile of time-varying sounds on temporal perceptual weights for loudness. The sounds consisted of contiguous wideband noise segments on which independent random-level perturbations were imposed. Experiment 1 showed that in sounds with a flat level profile, the first segment receives the highest weight (primacy effect). If, however, a gradual increase in level (fade-in) was imposed on the first few segments, the temporal weights showed a delayed primacy effect: The first unattenuated segment received the highest weight, while the fade-in segments were virtually ignored. This pattern argues against a capture of attention to the onset as the origin of the primacy effect. Experiment 2 demonstrated that listeners adjust their temporal weights to the level profile on a trial-by-trial basis. Experiment 3 ruled out potentially inferior intensity resolution at lower levels as the cause of the delayed primacy effect. Experiment 4 showed that the weighting patterns cannot be explained by perceptual segmentation of the sounds into a variable and a stable part. The results are interpreted in terms of memory and attention processes. We demonstrate that the prediction of loudness can be improved significantly by allowing for nonuniform temporal weights.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 1: Effects Of a Fade-inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The temporal weighting of loudness: effects of the level profile

Oberfeld

Plank

2010

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…In the present study, the components were the temporal segments constituting the level-fluctuating noise. If the participant assigns a large weight to a particular component-that is, if attention is directed to the component (Berg, 1990)-there will be a strong correlation between the component's random level perturbation and the participant's response. If on the other hand the component is unimportant for the decision, the responses will be statistically independent of the random variation (Kortekaas, Buus, & Florentine, 2003;Lutfi, 1995;Richards & Zhu, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Does a rhythmic context have an effect on perceptual weights in auditory intensity processing?

Oberfeld

2008

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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The effects of a rhythmic context on auditory intensity processing were studied. Experiment 1 tested the hypothesis that the involuntary temporal direction of attention by a rhythmic context sequence influences the temporal weighting of loudness. Perceptual weight analysis was used to measure the attention directed to individual temporal portions of a longer stimulus by estimating the importance of individual temporal segments for global loudness judgements. A rhythmic context resulted in a sharper temporal weighting profile, but the expected rhythmic pattern of weights was not observed. In Experiment 2, the accuracy for detecting a peak in the temporal loudness profile of a level-fluctuating noise was measured for the level increment presented at expected and unexpected times. The rhythmic context again caused a more pronounced temporal weighting profile. However, the accuracy was neither significantly increased for expected target segment positions nor decreased for unexpected target segment positions, relative to the condition without a rhythmic context sequence.

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“…The effect of threshold microstructure (as measured by OAEs) on loudness perception is particularly noteworthy because relative loudness is also known to be one of the most important factors affecting the decision weights listeners place on different information-bearing components of sounds (Berg 1990;Lutfi and Jesteadt 2006;Epstein and Silva 2009;Thorson 2012;Rasetshwane et al 2013). This suggests that OAEs might be used to diagnose difficulty in target-in-noise listening tasks through their impact on decision weights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%