Observing the bottom density current over a shelf using an Argo profiling float

Vilibić, Ivica; Mihanović, Hrvoje

doi:10.1002/grl.50215

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The pathway followed the western Adriatic shelf (see the scheme in Fig. 1), as already documented by previous studies (Vilibić et al, 2004;Vilibić and Mihanović, 2013). As the first arrival of dense water is associated with the water generated at the beginning and in the middle of the three-week cold outbreak (i.e.…”

Section: Model Estimatessupporting

confidence: 76%

“…eu.org). The bottom density current associated with the dense water formation measured in the winter of 2012 by the float was analysed in detail by Vilibić and Mihanović (2013); in this paper we present the highest measured density and associated temperature and salinity values observed by the float (AR in Fig. 1 and Table 1).…”

Section: Field Campaigns and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Zore-Armanda, 1963;Bergamasco et al, 1999;Vilibić and Supić, 2005) flow as a dense current along the western Adriatic shelf, replacing old waters in the middle and south Adriatic depressions (Jabuka Pit and South Adriatic Pit, respectively; Fig. 1; see Vilibić et al, 2004;Vilibić and Mihanović, 2013). NAdDW partly transforms into Adriatic Dense Water (AdDW) during deep-convection processes in the south Adriatic, and both AdDW and modified NAdDW subsequently flow out of the Adriatic through the Strait of Otranto, sinking to the Ionian deep layers and affecting the whole deep Eastern Mediterranean (Robinson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exceptional dense water formation on the Adriatic shelf in the winter of 2012

et al. 2013

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Abstract. In this paper we document dense water formation throughout the Adriatic shelf and coastal area in January/February 2012, resulting in record-breaking densities observed during and after the event. The unprecedented dense water generation was preconditioned by a dry and warm year which resulted in a significant reduction of coastal freshwaters, superimposed on a long-term basin-wide salinity increase. The final event that triggered the dense water formation was an extended period of cold weather with strong and severe winds. Record-breaking potential density anomalies (above 30 kg m −3 ) were measured at several formation sites. Accumulated surface net heat and water losses in some coastal regions exceeded 1.5 GJ m −2 and 250 kg m −2 over 21 days, respectively. Excessiveness, importance of shelf-type dense water formation and effects on the thermohaline circulation and deep aquatic systems are discussed.

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Section: Model Estimatessupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Field Campaigns and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exceptional dense water formation on the Adriatic shelf in the winter of 2012

et al. 2013

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“…The extreme intensity of this DW event motivated many studies, with a large collection of in situ data, providing insights on the hydrodynamic features that occurred. Therefore, this case serves as an interesting test to assess the models, allowing us to compare our results with previous study efforts Vilibić and Mihanović, 2013;Benetazzo et al, 2014), while having an opportunity to complement the understanding of how these events affect coastal hydrodynamic processes and, in particular, probing into what are the most suitable modeling strategies to reproduce them.…”

Section: W J Mckiver Et Al: Vertical Hydrodynamic Coastal Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes it prone to DW events, when cold north-easterly winter winds induce water sinking in the shallow northern Adriatic (Vested et al, 1998;Vilibić and Supić, 2005;Mihanović et al, 2013;Vilibić and Mihanović, 2013;Durrieu de Madron et al, 2013). These extreme DW events have many complex influences and thus are particularly challenging to understand and model, though their impact on the general circulation has made them an important topic of research (Querin et al, 2013;Janeković et al, 2014;Benetazzo et al, 2014).…”

Section: W J Mckiver Et Al: Vertical Hydrodynamic Coastal Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of model capability in capturing vertical hydrodynamic coastal processes: a case study in the north Adriatic Sea

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In this work we consider a numerical study of hydrodynamics in the coastal zone using two different models, SHYFEM (shallow water hydrodynamic finite element model) and MITgcm (Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model), to assess their capability to capture the main processes. We focus on the north Adriatic Sea during a strong dense water event that occurred at the beginning of 2012. This serves as an interesting test case to examine both the models strengths and weaknesses, while giving an opportunity to understand how these events affect coastal processes, like upwelling and downwelling, and how they interact with estuarine dynamics. Using the models we examine the impact of setup, surface and lateral boundary treatment, resolution and mixing schemes, as well as assessing the importance of nonhydrostatic dynamics in coastal processes. Both models are able to capture the dense water event, though each displays biases in different regions. The models show large differences in the reproduction of surface patterns, identifying the choice of suitable bulk formulas as a central point for the correct simulation of the thermohaline structure of the coastal zone. Moreover, the different approaches in treating lateral freshwater sources affect the vertical coastal stratification. The results indicate the importance of having high horizontal resolution in the coastal zone, specifically in close proximity to river inputs, in order to reproduce the effect of the complex coastal morphology on the hydrodynamics. A lower resolution offshore is acceptable for the reproduction of the dense water event, even if specific vortical structures are missed. Finally, it is found that nonhydrostatic processes are of little importance for the reproduction of dense water formation in the shelf of the north Adriatic Sea.

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Effects of winter convection on the deep layer of the Southern Adriatic Sea in 2012

Bensi

Cardín

Rubino

et al. 2013

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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We analyze aspects concerning the thermohaline changes observed in the near‐bottom layer of the Southern Adriatic Pit (SAP), in the Eastern Mediterranean, after the arrival of abundant and exceptionally dense water (σθ > 30 kg m−3) produced in the shallow Northern Adriatic Sea during winter 2012. For this purpose, we use temperature (T), salinity (S), and current time series collected at the E2M3A deep‐ocean observatory of the Southern Adriatic, and Conductivity‐Temperature‐Depth data obtained both in the Southern and Middle Adriatic from freely drifting profiling floats. The dense water produced in the Northern Adriatic arrived in the central and deepest part of the SAP as a series of individual pulses starting on 10 March 2012; while, a stronger and prolonged signal that significantly modified the local deep water stratification arrived after 10 April 2012. As a consequence, T and S suddenly decreased (≈0.15°C and ≈0.015), thus interrupting positive T and S bottom trends observed during the previous 5 years and producing a density increase of ≈0.02 kg m−3. Such variability has been rarely observed in the area. We ascribe its occurrence to the concomitance of exceptionally harsh and long‐lasting Bora wind, scarce precipitation, and low river discharge over the Northern Adriatic during winter 2011/2012. Eventually, this newly formed AdDW reached the Strait of Otranto during July 2012. Its characteristics profoundly differed from those observed in the previous decade. Hence, a noticeable variability in structure and circulation of the abyssal layers of the Ionian basin is likely to occur in the near future.

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Observing the bottom density current over a shelf using an Argo profiling float

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Exceptional dense water formation on the Adriatic shelf in the winter of 2012

Exceptional dense water formation on the Adriatic shelf in the winter of 2012

Investigation of model capability in capturing vertical hydrodynamic coastal processes: a case study in the north Adriatic Sea

Effects of winter convection on the deep layer of the Southern Adriatic Sea in 2012

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