Obsessive-compulsive disorder in a multi-ethnic urban outpatient clinic: Initial presentation and treatment outcome with exposure and ritual prevention

Phenomenology and treatment outcomes in children and adolescents from ethnic minorities with obsessive–compulsive disorder

“…These results are reminiscent of previous research carried out in smaller, adult samples (Friedman et al, 2003;Hatch et al 1996;Williams et al 1998). Contrary to some previous studies carried out in adults (Himle et al, 2008;Williams et al, 2005Williams et al, , 2008, our White and non-White samples did not differ substantially in their clinical presentation.…”

“…Better characterization of the phenomenology of OCD in children and adolescents from ethnic minorities might provide a more accurate picture of their symptoms and eventually help guide the diagnostic and assessment processes. Despite the differences in the clinical presentation of OCD between ethnic groups that have been reported in the above-mentioned studies, our clinical experience and similar work conducted in adults (Friedman et al, 2003) led us to hypothesize more similarities than differences in the clinical presentation of OCD in White vs. non-White youths. Second, we aimed to test whether the outcomes of a multimodal, evidence-based treatment for OCD were comparable in both groups.…”

“…Hatch, Friedman, and Paradis (1996) and Williams, Chambliss, and Steketee (1998) presented case reports where exposure with response prevention (ERP) was found to be effective for African Americans suffering from OCD. Similarly, Friedman et al (2003) conducted the only study to date to compare OCD treatment outcomes across ethnic groups. Employing a naturalistic design, the authors compared 26 adult African or Caribbean American participants with 36 European Americans and found that both ethnic groups made comparable gains with ERP treatment.…”

Illness perception, help-seeking attitudes, and knowledge related to obsessive–compulsive disorder across different ethnic groups: a community survey

“…However, individuals from ethnic minorities are under-represented in both research and clinical samples, despite evidence suggesting that treatment for OCD is as effective in these groups as it is in the White majority group [4,5]. Williams et al [6] reviewed all randomized controlled trials of OCD published in North America from 1995 to 2008 and found that 91.5 % of participants were White.…”

Cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: An update

“…Similarly, data from two private practices have reported good outcomes for their patients with OCD [16,17]. Another group reported significant effects of EX/RP for African Americans and Caucasians, although outcomes were somewhat lower than in some studies [18]. Almost 40 years since the first description of the use of EX/RP for OCD, multiple meta-analyses have documented its efficacy, including in relation to medications and other treatments [19].…”