Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and physical activity in patients with anorexia nervosa – possible relationships

Błachno, Magda; Bryńska, Anita; C, Tomaszewicz-Libudzic; Jagielska, Gabriela; Srebnicki, Tomasz; Wiśniewski, Artur; Wolańczyk, Tomasz

doi:10.12740/pp/34810

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Furthermore, we did not find any significant differences when assessing the presence of symptoms such as compulsivity or anxiety traits, measured by SCL-90, in the two groups. With reference to compulsivity, our results are consistent with several studies in which no direct relationship was found between different levels of physical activity and obsessive-compulsiveness as assessed with the SCL-90-R [13,14,57,58]. Conversely, obsessive-compulsiveness was found to be associated with PA in other studies [16,55,58,59], with a hyperactive behavioural profile representing a phenotype more closely linked to OCD than their non-exercising counterparts [55].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High levels of physical activity in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa: medical and psychopathological correlates

et al. 2021

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Purpose While overexercise is commonly described in patients who experience anorexia nervosa (AN), it represents a condition still underestimated, especially in the paediatric population. Method The present study aims at assessing the possible associations between levels of physical activity (PA) and clinical features, endocrinological data and psychopathological traits in a sample of 244 female adolescents hospitalised for AN subdivided into two groups according to PA levels (high PA vs. no/low PA). The two groups were compared through multivariate analyses, while multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine whether physical activity predict specific outcomes. Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of last Body Mass Index (BMI) before illness, BMI at admission and disease duration, while a difference emerged in delta BMI(rapidity of weight loss), significantly higher in high-PA group (p = 0.021). Significant differences were observed in Free triiodothyronine-(p < 0.001), Free thyroxine (p = 0.046), Follicle-stimulating hormone (p = 0.019), Luteinising hormone (p = 0.002) levels, with values remarkably lower in high-PA group. Concerning psychopathological scales, the high-PA group showed worst Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) scores (p = 0.035). Regression analyses revealed that higher PA predicts higher delta BMI (p = 0.021), presence of amenorrhea (p = 0.003), lower heart rate (p = 0.012), lower thyroid (Free triiodothyronine p < 0.001, Free thyroxine p = 0.029) and gynaecological hormones' levels (Follicle-stimulating hormone p = 0.023, Luteinising hormone p = 0.003, 17-Beta estradiol p = 0.041). Concerning psychiatric measures, HPA predicts worst scores at CGAS (p = 0.019), and at scales for evaluation of alexithymia (p = 0.028) and depression (p = 0.004). Conclusions Results suggest that high levels of physical activity in acute AN associate with worst clinical conditions at admission, especially in terms of endocrinological and medical features. Level of evidence Level III.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High levels of physical activity in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa: medical and psychopathological correlates

et al. 2021

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“…Group 1 included only two studies [73,78], which did not find a significant difference between excessive and non-excessive exercisers. However, Blachno et al [78] found that adolescent patients at high risk of obsessive-compulsive disorder reported more intentional physical activities aimed at weight loss than the non-high-risk group.…”

Section: Obsessive-compulsiveness In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Abnormally high levels of physical activity have been documented throughout the literature in patients with eating disorders (ED), especially those diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). Yet no clear definition, conceptualization, or treatment of the problematic use of physical activity (PPA) in ED patients exists. The aim of this review is to propose a new classification of PPA, report the prevalence, triggers, predictors, maintainers and other related factors of PPA in ED patients, in addition to proposing a comprehensive model of the development of PPA in AN. A total of 47 articles, retrieved from Medline and Web of Science, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. As a result, the new approach of PPA was divided into two groups (group 1 and group 2) according to the dimension (quantitative vs qualitative approach) of physical activity that was evaluated. The prevalence of PPA in ED was reported in 20 out of 47 studies, the comparison of PPA between ED versus controls in 21 articles, and the links between PPA and psychological factors in ED in 26 articles, including depression (16/26), anxiety (13/26), obsessive–compulsiveness (9/26), self-esteem (4/26), addictiveness (1/26), regulation and verbal expression of emotions (1/26) and anhedonia (1/26). The links between PPA and ED symptomatology, PPA and weight, body mass index (BMI) and body composition in ED, PPA and age, onset, illness duration and lifetime activity status in ED, PPA and ED treatment outcome were reported in 18, 15, 7, 5 articles, respectively. All of the factors have been systematically clustered into group 1 and group 2. Results focused more on AN rather than BN due to the limited studies on the latter. Additionally, a model for the development of PPA in AN patients was proposed, encompassing five periods evolving into three clinical stages. Thus, two very opposite components of PPA in AN were suggested: voluntarily PPA increased in AN was viewed as a conscious strategy to maximize weight loss, while involuntarily PPA increased proportionally with weight-loss, indicating that exercise might be under the control of a subconscious biological drive and involuntary cognition.

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“…Furthermore, one of the behaviours often associated with eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction is extreme exercising [ 19 ], and this weight management strategy has previously been observed in a South African population [ 12 ]. Therefore, although obesity and physical inactivity tend to go hand-in-hand as already evident in South Africa, normal-weight and underweight individuals experiencing body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating may abnormally increase physical activity levels in order to further control their body mass index (BMI), and thus their body image satisfaction [ 20 , 21 ]. Alternatively, it is possible that if physical inactivity is persisting with body image dissatisfaction, moderate exercise could be encouraged as a means to improve body image satisfaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the relationships between body image, eating attitudes, BMI, and physical activity in rural and urban South African young adult females using structural equation modeling

et al. 2017

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The persistence of food insecurity, malnutrition, increasing adiposity, and decreasing physical activity, heightens the need to understand relationships between body image satisfaction, eating attitudes, BMI and physical activity levels in South Africa. Females aged 18–23 years were recruited from rural (n = 509) and urban (n = 510) settings. Body image satisfaction was measured using Stunkard’s silhouettes, and the 26-item Eating Attitudes questionnaire (EAT-26) was used to evaluate participants’ risk of disordered eating. Minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Significant linear correlates were included in a series of regressions run separately for urban and rural participants. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the relationships between variables. Urban females were more likely to be overweight and obese than rural females (p = 0.02), and had a greater desire to be thinner (p = 0.02). In both groups, being overweight or obese was positively associated with a desire to be thinner (p<0.01), and negatively associated with a desire to be fatter (p<0.01). Having a disordered eating attitude was associated with body image dissatisfaction in the urban group (β = 1.27, p<0.01, CI: 0.38; 2.16), but only with a desire to be fatter in the rural group (β = 0.63, p = 0.04, CI: 0.03; 1.23). In the SEM model, body image dissatisfaction was associated with disordered eating (β = 0.63), as well as higher MVPA participation (p<0.01). These factors were directly associated with a decreased risk of disordered eating attitude, and with a decreased desire to be thinner. Findings indicate a shift in both settings towards more Westernised ideals. Physical activity may provide a means to promote a healthy body image, while reducing the risk of disordered eating. Given the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in both rural and urban women, this study provides insights for future interventions aimed at decreasing adiposity in a healthy way.

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Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and physical activity in patients with anorexia nervosa – possible relationships

Abstract: The results show that there is a connection between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the hyperactivity in AN patients.

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

High levels of physical activity in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa: medical and psychopathological correlates

High levels of physical activity in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa: medical and psychopathological correlates

Physical Activity in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review

Examining the relationships between body image, eating attitudes, BMI, and physical activity in rural and urban South African young adult females using structural equation modeling

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