Obsidians and Tektites: Natural Analogues for Water Diffusion in Nuclear Waste Glasses

Mazer, J.J.; Bates, J. K.; Stevenson, Christopher M.; Bradley, C. R.

doi:10.1557/proc-257-513

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Nevertheless, defects in the silicate structure may provide diffusion channels large enough to permit molecular water diffusion. For example, water diffusion is known to occur without affecting the silicate network of obsidian [20][21][22][23]. In most instances, tests of alkali silicate glasses in silicate solutions also show dealkalization to occur without affecting the silicate network [24].…”

Section: Water Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio on glass corrosion: A critical review

Ebert

1995

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Argonne National Lahoratory. wi1th facilitie, in the states of liiinois and Idaho. is owned by the united States govern lent, and operated by The Un diversity of Chicago under the provisions of a contract with thie department of Enery. DISCLAIM ER THE FFFECTS OF THE GLASS SURFACE AREA/SOLUTION VOLUME RATIO ON GLASS CORROSION: A CRITICAL REVIEW William L. Ebert ABSTRACTThis report reviews and summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effects of the glass surface area/solution volume (SA/V) ratio on the corrosion behavior of borosilicate waste glasses. The SA/V ratio affects the rate of glass corrosion through the extent of dilution ok corrosion products released from the glass into the leachate solution: glass corrosion products are diluted more in tests conducted at low SA/V ratios than they are in tests conducted at high SAN ratios. Differences in the solution chemistries generated in tests conducted at different SA/V ratios then affect the observed glass corrosion behavior. Corrosion of borosilicate waste glasses results in the dissolution of soluble components and the accumulation of sparingly soluble components in a layer on the surface of the corroding glass. Laboratory tests performed to distinguish the effects of the solution chemistry and the surface layer on the glass corrosion rate have shown the rate to be controlled primarily by the solution chemistry. Therefore, any testing parameter that affects the solution chemistry will also affect the glass corrosion rate. The results of static leach tests conducted to assess the effects of the SAN are discussed with regard to the effects of SAN on the solution chemistry. The effects of the SA/V ratio observed in static tests can be understood based on the effects of the solution chemistry on glass corrosion behavior. Test results show several remaining issues with regard to the long-term glass corrosion behavior: Can the SAN ratio be used as an accelerating parameter to characterize the advanced stages of glass corrosion relevant to long disposal times? Is the alteration of the glass surface the same in tests conducted at different SAN, and in tests conducted with monolithic and crushed glass samples? What are the effects of the SAN and the extent of glass corrosion on the disposition of released radionuclides? These issues will bear on the prediction of the long-term performance of waste glasses during storage. The results of an experimental program conducted at ANL to address these and other remaining issues regarding the effects of SA/V on glass corrosion are described. I 2 SUMMARYThis report reviews and summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio (SA/V) on the corrosion behavior of borosilicate waste glasses. The effects of the SA/ occur through dilution of corrosion products and through the effects of the corrosion products on the glass corrosion mechanism and rate. Therefore, the effects of the SA/V on glass corrosion are discussed in terms of the various effects of t...

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Section: Water Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio on glass corrosion: A critical review

Ebert

1995

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“…The method has also been used to simulate the long-term weathering of tektite (Mazer et al 1992) and basaltic glasses (Byers et al 1986). Because the test method produces the same alteration phases that form during the weathering of natural glasses over long periods, the test has also been used to accelerate the corrosion of waste glasses.…”

Section: Vapor Hydration Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Disposal Facility FY 2012 Glass Testing Summary Report

Pierce

Kerisit

Krogstad

et al. 2013

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Executive SummaryPacific Northwest National Laboratory was contracted by Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC to provide the technical basis for estimating radionuclide release from the engineered portion of the disposal facility (e.g., source term). Vitrifying the low-activity waste at Hanford is expected to generate over 1.6 × 10 5 m 3 of glass (Puigh 1999). The volume of immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW) at Hanford is the largest in the DOE complex and is one of the largest inventories (approximately 0.89 × 10 18 Bq total activity) of long-lived radionuclides, principally 99 Tc (t 1/2 = 2.1 × 10 5 ), planned for disposal in a low-level waste (LLW) facility. Before the ILAW can be disposed, DOE must conduct a performance assessement (PA) for the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF) that describes the long-term impacts of the disposal facility on public health and environmental resources. As part of the ILAW glass testing program PNNL is implementing a strategy, consisting of experimentation and modeling, in order to provide the technical basis for estimating radionuclide release from the glass waste form in support of future IDF PAs. The purpose of this report is to summarize the progress made in fiscal year (FY) 2010 toward implementing the strategy with the goal of developing an understanding of the long-term corrosion behavior of low-activity waste glasses.The emphasis in FY2010 was the completing an evaluation of the most sensitive kinetic rate law parameters used to predict glass weathering, documented in Bacon and Pierce (2010), and transitioning from the use of the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multi-phases to Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases computer code for near-field calculations. The FY2010 activities also consisted of developing a Monte Carlo and Geochemical Modeling framework that links glass composition to alteration phase formation by 1) determining the structure of unreacted and reacted glasses for use as input information into Monte Carlo calculations, 2) compiling the solution data and alteration phases identified from accelerated weathering tests conducted with ILAW glass by PNNL and Viteous State Laboratory/Catholic University of America as well as other literature sources for use in geochemical modeling calculations, and 3) conducting several initial calculations on glasses that contain the four major components of ILAW

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“…obsidian artifacts recovered from terrestrial sites (Friedman and Long 1976). The method has also been used to simulate the long-term weathering of tektite (Mazer et al 1992) and basaltic glasses ). Because the test method produces the same alteration phases that form during the weathering of natural glasses over long periods, the test has also been used to accelerate the corrosion of waste glasses.…”

Section: Vapor Hydration Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Strategy to Conduct an Analysis of the Long-Term Performance of Low-Activity Waste Glass in a Shallow Subsurface Disposal System at Hanford

McGrail¹,

Ebert²,

Bacon³

et al. 1998

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Obsidians and Tektites: Natural Analogues for Water Diffusion in Nuclear Waste Glasses

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

The effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio on glass corrosion: A critical review

The effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio on glass corrosion: A critical review

Integrated Disposal Facility FY 2012 Glass Testing Summary Report

A Strategy to Conduct an Analysis of the Long-Term Performance of Low-Activity Waste Glass in a Shallow Subsurface Disposal System at Hanford

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