Obstetric and perinatal factors as predictors of child behaviour at 5 years

O’Callaghan, Michael; Williams, Gail M.; Andersen, M. J.; Bor, William; Najman, Jake M.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1997.tb01658.x

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Male gender has been found to be associated with increased prevalence in undercontrolled behaviour (2,12,13); this was also confirmed in our study. Male gender was also found to be associated with increased prevalence of anxious behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Social risk factors as predictors for parental report of deviant behaviour in 3-year-old children

Bonde

Obel

Nedergård

et al. 2004

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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The objective of this study was to examine whether social risk factors adjusted for gender and some well-known perinatal risk factors were related to parental descriptions of deviant behaviour in 3(1/2)-year-old children. The study was a prospective cohort study of 1345 mothers enrolled during early pregnancy. Parents answered a questionnaire and children's behavioural difficulties were categorized into the following groups; "hyperactive-distractible", "hostile-aggressive" and "anxious-fearful" following a modified Behar scale. The male gender was found to be related to a description of all kinds of deviant behaviour. Having a family member experiencing employment difficulties was the factor most closely related to "hyperactive-distractible" behaviour. Familial stress due to lack of time, experience of divorce and mothers in excess of 35 years at childbirth were found to be related to "hostile-aggressive" behaviour, but male gender was the most closely related. Social disadvantage was not found to be related to "anxious-fearful" behaviour.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The male gender is known to be associated with a higher prevalence of undercontrolled behaviour, attention deficit disorder and conduct disorder (2,12,13). The female gender is more inclined toward overcontrolled behaviour (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Social risk factors as predictors for parental report of deviant behaviour in 3-year-old children

Bonde

Obel

Nedergård

et al. 2004

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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“…Boys had more Externalizing (Delinquent) and Attention problems compared with girls. This is in agreement with the observations of O'Callaghan et al 38 Other factors that were predictors of childhood behavior in the adjusted analysis were changes in the child's custody status and higher child lead levels. Maternal/prenatal factors that were associated with problem child behavior included maternal smoking during pregnancy, lower maternal education, and lower scores on the modified HOME inventory.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…As reported earlier, most common epidemiologic obstetric and perinatal risk factors were not independent predictors of behavior problems in children at 6 years. 37,38 Child gender significantly affected behavior scores. Boys had more Externalizing (Delinquent) and Attention problems compared with girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Childhood Behavior at Age 6 to 7 Years: I. Dose-Response Effect

Sood¹,

Delaney‐Black²,

et al. 2001

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ABSTRACT.Objective. Moderate to heavy levels of prenatal alcohol exposure have been associated with alterations in child behavior, but limited data are available on adverse effects after low levels of exposure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dose-response effect of prenatal alcohol exposure for adverse child behavior outcomes at 6 to 7 years of age.Methods. Beginning in 1986, women attending the urban university-based maternity clinic were routinely screened at their first prenatal visit for alcohol and drug use by trained research assistants from the Fetal Alcohol Research Center. All women reporting alcohol consumption at conception of at least 0.5 oz absolute alcohol/day and a 5% random sample of lower level drinkers and abstainers were invited to participate to be able to identify the associations between alcohol intake and child development. Maternal alcohol, cigarette, and illicit drug use were prospectively assessed during pregnancy and postnatally. The independent variable in this study, prenatal alcohol exposure, was computed as the average absolute alcohol intake (oz) per day across pregnancy. At each prenatal visit, mothers were interviewed about alcohol use during the previous 2 weeks. Quantities and types of alcohol consumed were converted to fluid ounces of absolute alcohol and averaged across visits to generate a summary measure of alcohol exposure throughout pregnancy. Alcohol was initially used as a dichotomous variable comparing children with no prenatal alcohol exposure to children with any exposure. To evaluate the effects of different levels of exposure, the average absolute alcohol intake was relatively arbitrarily categorized into no, low (>0 but <0.3 fl oz of absolute alcohol/day), and moderate/heavy (>0.3 fl oz of absolute alcohol/day) for the purpose of this study. Six years later, 665 families were contacted. Ninety-four percent agreed to testing. Exclusions included children who missed multiple test appointments, had major congenital malformations (other than fetal alcohol syndrome), possessed an IQ >2 standard deviations from the sample mean, or had incomplete data. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess child behavior. The CBCL is a parent questionnaire applicable to children ages 4 to 16 years. It is widely used in the clinical assessment of children's behavior problems and has been extensively used in research. Eight syndrome scales are further grouped into Externalizing or undercontrolled (Aggressive and Delinquent) behavior and Internalizing or overcontrolled (Anxious/Depressed, Somatic Complaints, and Withdrawn) behaviors. Three syndromes (Social, Thought, and Attention Problems) fit neither group. Higher scores are associated with more problem behaviors. Research assistants who were trained and blinded to exposure status independently interviewed the child and caretaker. Data were collected on a broad range of control variables known to influence childhood behavior and/or to be associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. These included...

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“…Important information can also be gleaned from population-based studies that have identified early-life risk factors that predict inattention/hyperactivity or externalizing behaviour rather than a diagnosis of ADHD. These studies have implicated factors such as antenatal anxiety, maternal/ paternal postnatal depression, smoking during pregnancy, stress during pregnancy, number of antenatal visits, male gender, maternal age and education and family income O'Callaghan et al 1997;O'Connor et al 2002;Ramchandani et al 2005;Rodriguez and Bohlin 2005;Romano et al 2006;Williams et al 1998).…”

Section: Examining Early Life Risk Factors For Adhd Within Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Parent-Reported Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Aged 6–7 years: A National Longitudinal Study

Sciberras

Ukoumunne

Efron

2011

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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This study examined the prenatal, postnatal and demographic predictors of parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in an Australian population-based sample. Participants were families participating in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. There were approximately even numbers of males (51%) and females (49%) in the sample. Predictors of parent-reported ADHD status at Wave 2 (children aged 6-7 years) which were measured at Wave 1 (children aged 4-5 years) included cigarette smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy (prenatal factors); maternal postnatal depression, intensive care at birth, birth weight, and gestation (postnatal factors); and child gender, primary caregiver education, income, family composition, and maternal age at childbirth (socio-demographic factors). We found that male gender, cigarette smoking during pregnancy, and maternal postnatal depression were the only significant predictors (at the 5% level) of ADHD in the adjusted analysis (N = 3,474). Our results are consistent with previous findings that male gender and cigarette smoking during pregnancy are risk factors for ADHD. In addition, we found that postnatal depression was predictive of parent-reported ADHD.

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Obstetric and perinatal factors as predictors of child behaviour at 5 years

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

Social risk factors as predictors for parental report of deviant behaviour in 3-year-old children

Social risk factors as predictors for parental report of deviant behaviour in 3-year-old children

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Childhood Behavior at Age 6 to 7 Years: I. Dose-Response Effect

Predictors of Parent-Reported Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Aged 6–7 years: A National Longitudinal Study

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