Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Syndrome in Spanish Population

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a clinical picture characterized by repeated episodes of obstruction of the upper airway. OSA is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, some of which are components of metabolic syndrome (MS).Objectives:First, determine the prevalence of MS in patients with OSA visited in sleep clinic. Second, evaluate whether there is an independent association between MS components and the severity of OSA.Methods:Patients with clinical suspicion of OSA were evaluated by polysomnography. Three groups were defined according to apnea hypoapnea index (AHI): no OSA (AHI <5), mild-moderate (AHI≥ 5 ≤30), and severe (AHI> 30). All patients were determined in fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin. MS was defined according to criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP).Results:A total of 141 patients (mean age 54 ± 11 years) were evaluated. According to AIH, 25 subjects had no OSA and 116 had OSA (41mild-moderate and 75 severe). MS prevalence ranged from 43-81% in OSA group. Also, a significant increase in waist circumference, triglycerides, glucose, blood pressure levels, and a decrease in HDL cholesterol levels was observed in more severe OSA patients. All polysomnographic parameters correlated significantly with metabolic abnormalities. After a multiple regression analysis, abdominal obesity (p <0.02), glucose (p <0.01) and HDL cholesterol (p <0.001) were independently associated with OSA.Conclusions:Our findings show high prevalence of MS in OSA, especially in severe group. A significant association between OSA and some of the components of MS was found in Spanish population.

Association between obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis

“…After review by title and abstract, 529 were eliminated for not being relevant. The full texts of the remaining 20 studies were further assessed for eligibility and 10 articles were excluded, for the reasons shown in Figure 1; thus, 10 studies with a total of 2053 patients were included in the meta-analysis [2,24,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Two were cross-sectional studies.…”

The prevalence of syndrome Z (the interaction of obstructive sleep apnoea with the metabolic syndrome) in a tertiary care center, Gujarat, India

“…In 2013, Barreiro et al, found a prevalence of 82.2% of OSA and a significant association with the components of MetS in a sample of 141 patients with MetS. 21 All the indicators of the syndrome have significant association on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, so it is essential to treat every individual component to decrease the morbidity and mortality. 2 According to some similar studies.…”

Feasibility of Portable Sleep Monitors to Detect Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in a Vulnerable Urban Population

“…28 Thus, our study adds to the growing body of literature that supports expansion of testing in these populations which may be at higher risk than previously estimated. 29,30 …”