Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome – an oxidative stress disorder

Lavie, Lena

doi:10.1053/smrv.2002.0261

Cited by 868 publications

(665 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…1,28 In OSAS, apnea and hypopnea lead to hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation states, which, in turn, causes an inflammatory process and oxidative stress and, in combination with obesity, favors the formation of atheroma plaques. [29][30][31] In our study, we found that 53.8% of obese individuals have systemic arterial hypertension (SAH).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among obese individuals: A cross-sectional study

Modena

Cazzo

Cândido

et al. 2017

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Introduction: The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a respiratory illness, characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea and hypopnea, leading to reduction or cessation of the airflow. Obesity is one of the major risk factors for the development of OSAS. To help in the diagnosis of this disease, easily applicable and low-cost questionnaries were developed, such as the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ). Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the BQ for the screening of OSAS among candidates to bariatric surgery in a multidisciplinary preoperative program. Method: This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study which evaluated obese individuals that were being prepared for bariatric surgery by means of the BQ. Results: BQ was able to detect that minimal variations in the body mass index, neck circumference and hip-to-waist ratio lead to changes in the risk to develop OSAS; the higher the values of these variables, the higher the risk for OSAS development. Conclusion: BQ was an efficient and reliable tool to demonstrate the high risk for OSAS development in individual with obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among obese individuals: A cross-sectional study

Modena

Cazzo

Cândido

et al. 2017

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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“…36 OSA is associated with increased serum levels of MDA and 8-isoprostane, which are products of lipid peroxidation. 18,36 Experimentally induced CIH in rodents causes lipid peroxidation in different organs. CIH in mice increases MDA and isoprostane levels in the brain as well as activity of NADPH oxidase, an enzyme-producing superoxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic intermittent hypoxia predisposes to liver injury†

et al. 2007

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). OSA is associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in obese subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CIH on the liver in the absence of obesity. Lean C57BL/6J mice (n ‫؍‬ 15) on a regular chow diet were exposed to CIH for 12 weeks and compared with pair-fed mice exposed to intermittent air (IA, n ‫؍‬ 15). CIH caused liver injury with an increase in serum ALT (224 ؎ 39 U/l versus 118 ؎ 22 U/l in the IA group, P < 0.05), whereas AST and alkaline phosphatase were unchanged. CIH also induced hyperglycemia, a decrease in fasting serum insulin levels, and mild elevation of fasting serum total cholesterol and triglycerides (TG). Liver TG content was unchanged, whereas cholesterol content was decreased. Histology showed swelling of hepatocytes, no evidence of hepatic steatosis, and marked accumulation of glycogen in hepatocytes. CIH led to lipid peroxidation of liver tissue with a malondialdehyde ( O bstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, leading to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). 1 OSA is a common disease, present in 2% of women and 4% of men in the general U.S. population; however, the prevalence rises to 40% to 60% in obese individuals. 2,3 CIH of OSA has been associated with an increased risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, independent of underlying obesity. 2,4-9 Moreover, studies in rodent models of intermittent hypoxia (IH) demonstrated that CIH can cause hypertension, 10 insulin resistance, 11 and dyslipidemia. 12,13 Thus, CIH of OSA has been implicated in causality of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, independent of obesity.An emerging body of evidence indicates that OSA is associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and chronic liver injury in obese individuals. 14,15 Whether OSA can confer risk of NASH, independent of obesity, remains unclear. Two major mechanisms have been implicated in NASH: (1) hepatic steatosis, which is linked to insulin resistance; and (2) increased levels of oxidative stress with liver injury and subsequent inflammation. 16,17 We previously showed that CIH leads to progression of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in leptin-deficient obese mice. 12 However, the effects of CIH on hepatic lipids in the absence of obesity have not been examined. Whereas OSA and CIH induce oxidative stress and inflammation in multiple organs and tissues, 18-21 the impact

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“…For example, increased sympathetic activity, endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory processes have been suggested to act as mediators of cardiovascular morbidity in patients with SRBD and have been shown to be associated with SRBD in clinical studies. Thus, patients with SRBD may exhibit evidence of sympathetic overactivity and increased oxidative stress, insulin resistance and a prothrombotic state (Shamsuzzaman et al, 2002;Fletcher, 2003;Lavie, 2003;Punjabi et al, 2004). Most convincing in this regard is evidence that treatment with CPAP reduces blood pressure (BP), at least in the short term (Becker et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of an increased intake of vegetables and fruit on weight loss, blood pressure and antioxidant defense in subjects with sleep related breathing disorders

et al. 2007

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Objective: To assess the effect of an increased consumption of vegetables and fruit on body weight, risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and antioxidant defense in obese patients with sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). Design: Randomized, controlled trial of an intervention to increase the intake of vegetables to 400 g/day and fruit to 300 g/day. Dietary intake was calculated from a food frequency questionnaire. Antioxidant status was assessed with the ferric-reducing/ antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Plasma carotenoids were biomarkers for the intake of vegetables and fruit. Setting: A hospital clinic preventing risk factors for CVD. Subjects: Subjects were 103 men and 35 women with a body mass index of 36.775.8 kg/m 2 of which 57 (86%) in the control and 68 (94%) in the intervention group completed the study. Intervention: Group-based behavioral program during 3 months. Results: The mean between group differences in body weight was À2.0% (95% CI À3.6, À0.5), Po0.0001. The mean between group difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) was À7.1 mm Hg (95% CI: À11.6, À2.6), P ¼ 0.0022 and À3.9 mm Hg (95% CI: À7.0, À0.9), P ¼ 0.0120, respectively. The mean change in daily intake of vegetables and fruit was 12 g (95% CI: À33, 57) and À4 g (95% CI: À79, 71) versus 245 g (95% CI: 194, 296) and 248 g (95% CI: 176, 320) in the control and intervention groups, respectively. This was reflected in higher concentrations of a-carotene and b-carotene. No change in FRAP was seen. In a multiple regression analysis the change in intake of vegetables was a significant contributor (R adj 2 ¼ 0.073 (95% CI: 0.019, 0.214)) to the change in weight. Conclusion: Targeted dietary advice to increase the intake of vegetables and fruit among subjects with SRBD contributed to weight reduction and reduced systolic and diastolic BP, but had no effect on antioxidant defense measured with FRAP. Sponsorship: None.

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Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome – an oxidative stress disorder

Cited by 868 publications

References 119 publications

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among obese individuals: A cross-sectional study

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among obese individuals: A cross-sectional study

Chronic intermittent hypoxia predisposes to liver injury†

The effect of an increased intake of vegetables and fruit on weight loss, blood pressure and antioxidant defense in subjects with sleep related breathing disorders

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