Obtaining Chitin/Chitosan-Melanin Complexes from Black Soldier Fly Hermetia Illucens

Khayrova, Adelya; Lopatin, S. A.; Варламов, В. П.

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/809/1/012020

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Lipid content was determined to be 1.2% related to wet mass. Khayrova et al [37] have determined the ash and lipid content of H. illucens pupal exuviae, obtaining 10.5% and 8.9% respectively. At the best of our knowledge, there is no other work in the literature with which to compare our data.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of Chitin from Pupal Exuviae of the Black Soldier Fly

Hahn

Tafi

Seggern

et al. 2021

Waste Biomass Valor

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Purpose Chitin purification from remains (pupal exuviae after metamorphosis to adult flies) of Hermetia illucens farming was optimized performing demineralization, deproteinization and bleaching under different conditions. The optimal parameters to obtain high-purity chitin were determined. Methods Dried and ground pupal exuviae, whose composition was initially determined, were demineralized using six different acids. Proteins were removed with a NaOH treatment in which temperature, molarity and duration were varied in a randomized experiment. Bleaching was carried out testing ten different chemicals, including NaOCl, H2O2, solvent mixtures and enzymes. The efficiency of each step was determined to assess the optimal conditions for each of them. The resulting chitin was subjected to spectroscopic characterization. Results The highest demineralization efficiency (90%) was achieved using 0.5 M formic acid for 2 h at 40 °C, confirming the validity of organic acids as a more sustainable alternative to inorganic acids. The treatment with 1.25 M NaOH at 90 °C for 4 h showed the highest deproteinization efficiency, removing 96% of the proteins. Temperature and NaOH concentration were the significant parameters for deproteinization efficiency. The most efficient bleaching treatment was with 6% NaOCl at 60 °C for 1 h (67% efficiency). H2O2 could also be a valid alternative to avoid environmental risk related to chlorine-containing compounds. At the end of the purification process 17% of the original biomass was retained with a chitin content of 85%, corresponding to a chitin yield of 14% related to the initial biomass. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance showed that the purified chitin had a degree of acetylation of 96% and X-ray powder diffraction gave a crystallinity index of 74%. Conclusion This investigation shows an optimized method for extraction of high-purity chitin from H. illucens pupal exuviae, supporting the validity of insect-farming remains as source of this versatile biopolymer. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Characterization Of the Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of Chitin from Pupal Exuviae of the Black Soldier Fly

Hahn

Tafi

Seggern

et al. 2021

Waste Biomass Valor

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“…Although these two processes are separate, they are believed to be closely related and occur simultaneously, with melanin likely to be a product of both processes [42,43]. Research to understand the interactions among of all these components in the exoskeleton of arthropods is currently ongoing; however, studies on chitin extraction from these sources suggest that melanin could covalently bind to chitin [44][45][46]. These assumptions are based on the inability to chemically remove all pigments, presumably melanin, from insect-extracted chitin [45,47].…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These assumptions are based on the inability to chemically remove all pigments, presumably melanin, from insect-extracted chitin [45,47]. One research group recently filed a patent, where extractable chitin from the black soldier fly, was chemically converted into chitosan with melanin still covalently bound [30,46]. In our results, similar pigmentation of chitin, chitosan, and corresponding chitosan films can be observed, suggesting that crickets could also have melanin covalently bonded to its chitin, making it unable to be removed during the purification and conversion processing steps [18].…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Chitosan Films from Edible Crickets and Their Performance as a Bio-Based Food Packaging Material

et al. 2021

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Edible insects have gained attention due to their impressive nutritional composition, as well as their efficient use of natural resources. However, a research gap remains on the applications of insect chitosan, especially as it relates to their potential use as food packaging material. Chitosan from two reared cricket species (Acheta domesticus and Gryllodes sigillatus) was evaluated for use as food packaging material. Cricket chitosan films (CCF) were structurally similar to commercial shrimp chitosan films (SCF) at controlled glycerol levels, as seen by shared spectral peaks in FT-IR analyses. Mechanical properties of CCF showed they had equal or greater tensile strength when compared to commercial SCF, although flexibility was lower. Scanning electron microscopy showed increased roughness of microstructure, likely increasing the tortuosity. As a result, CCF had improved water vapor permeability compared to commercial SCF. Melanin complexes present in cricket chitin and chitosan increased hydrophobicity and decreased light transmittance. This study also revealed that intrinsic species differences, which occur during insect and crustacean exoskeleton development, could have effects on the functionality of chitosan packaging materials. Overall, CCF were found to be as effective as commercial SCF, while providing additional advantages. CCF derived from reared crickets have good mechanical and barrier properties, and improved water resistance and light barrier characteristics. Edible cricket chitosan has the potential to be used as bio-based packaging material for food and pharmaceutical applications.

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“…Abroad, many authors have been dealing with the problem of waste disposal with the help of detritus insects for many years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Insects, as a renewable raw material of animal origin, are a unique source of easily digestible proteins, fats and a whole complex of biologically active compounds [8][9][10][11][12]. The authors of [13][14][15] devoted their research to the problem of reproduction of insects on an industrial scale and in a mini-farm as a renewable raw material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of insectculture in the modern paradigm of the food industry in the Republic of Tatarstan

Talan

Докучаева

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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The socio-economic, biotechnological and environmental aspects of the organization of production and construction of a plant for deep processing of insectoculture in the Republic of Tatarstan are considered. Strategic analysis reveals the development of insect oculture as a key factor in improving the efficiency of food processing enterprises, organizing recycling and improving the state of the environment. The main product of the enterprise is a protein substrate, it is a well-balanced additive in mixed feed for poultry and fish farming and can become a reliable basis for import substitution in feed production. The products of vital activity of insects is a unique bio – fertilizer containing the whole complex of biologically active substances needed in crop production. The innovative technology of obtaining products of deep processing of insects is favorable not only in terms of the development of socio-economic processes in the republic, but also will give a new impetus to the development of the chemical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries in the Republic of Tatarstan.

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Obtaining Chitin/Chitosan-Melanin Complexes from Black Soldier Fly Hermetia Illucens

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Purification of Chitin from Pupal Exuviae of the Black Soldier Fly

Purification of Chitin from Pupal Exuviae of the Black Soldier Fly

Development of Chitosan Films from Edible Crickets and Their Performance as a Bio-Based Food Packaging Material

The role of insectculture in the modern paradigm of the food industry in the Republic of Tatarstan

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