Obtaining hyperimmune anti-Cryptosporidium parvum ovine colostrum. A study of the humoral immune response in immunized sheep

Abstract

Three ewes were immunized five times over a 2-month period prior to giving birth by intramuscular injection, oral administration and intramammary infusion of antigen and viable or freeze-dried Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst solution emulsified with Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvant. Two animals served as controls and another two as adjuvant controls. Serum was collected at first immunization and thereafter every 2 to 4 weeks. Colostrum and milk were collected as well. All samples were assayed for C. parvum-specific antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methodology, and Western blotting was used to recognize the C. parvum antigens. Hyperimmunization resulted in a progressive and significant increase in specific anti-C. parvum serum IgG, IgA and IgM titres, with the highest values noted at the point of lambing. Titres decreased slightly in milk, although they were in all cases higher than those in the control animals. Moreover, some 30 bands of C. parvum were recognized.

An Empirical Approach towards the Efficient and Optimal Production of Influenza-Neutralizing Ovine Polyclonal Antibodies Demonstrates That the Novel Adjuvant CoVaccine HT™ Is Functionally Superior to Freund's Adjuvant

“…In the current study, subcutaneous prime immunisation with antigen in FA yielded significantly higher overall anti-HA antibody titres when compared to intraperitoneal prime. These findings are in contrast to an earlier study which demonstrated that anti- C. parvum antibody titres at parturition [45] were sixteen-fold higher in the serum when sheep received intraperitoneal immunisation compared to intramuscular immunisation. Furthermore, at twenty days post-lambing, detectable anti- C .…”

“…The route of immunisation has been shown to influence the nature and intensity of the immune response generated to an antigen [29], [45], [46]. In the current study, subcutaneous prime immunisation with antigen in FA yielded significantly higher overall anti-HA antibody titres when compared to intraperitoneal prime.…”

“…However, it has been previously demonstrated that intraperitoneal prime immunisation can yield significantly higher antibody titres [45], [46]. Therefore, to directly compare these routes of prime immunisation, groups of sheep were immunised either subcutaneously (four sites) or intraperitoneally (bolus injection) with rHA emulsified in complete FA.…”

Incidence and prevalence of microbial indicators and pathogens in ovine faeces in New Zealand

“…and Giardia spp. are commonly isolated from sheep faeces (Abd-El-Wahed 1999;Chalmers et al 2002;Alonso-Fresan et al 2005;Ryan et al 2005;Martin-Gomez et al 2006;Santin et al 2007). The non-zoonotic Giardia assemblage E is most commonly found, with few reports of the zoonotic assemblages A and B being isolated (Santin et al 2007).…”

Occurrence Patterns and Population Density of Barking Deer (Muntiacus Vaginalis) in the Southern Slopes of Himalaya Foothills, Punjab, Pakistan

“…Having high concentration of Igs in colostrum, would help in improving the immune status of lambs feeding on the colostrum, as a result lambs would have enough immunity especially in the first 3 weeks of age, until their immune system becomes fully activated. It is, therefore, essential to increase the quality of the colostrum to increase the survival rate of newborn lamb because colostrum is the only source of antibodies (Martín-Gómez et al, 2006).…”