Obtaining Welfare Bounds in Discrete-Response Valuation Studies: A Non-Parametric Approach

A comparison of a parametric and a non-parametric method to value a non-rejectable public good

“…Among the former, Haab and McConnell (1997) used a non-parametric Turnbull distribution, which solves the problem of negative WTP without the need of ad hoc distributional assumptions and calculated WTP as a lower bound. Boman et al (1999) estimated WTP using a nonparametric technique that allows for the possibility of negative WTP and proposed a method for calculating standard deviations in order to obtain lower and upper bounds for the welfare estimate. Hutchinson et al (2001) applied the TurnbullKaplan-Meier estimator to derive probability step functions, which in turn were used to derive welfare estimates of forest recreation in national parks in Ireland.…”

Contingent values as implicit contracts: estimating minimum legal willingness to pay for conservation of large carnivores in Sweden

“…If one endorses the view that public policy should reflect an understanding of the public's values, and given that public values about carnivores are not generally expressed in the marketplace, carnivores become an interesting object for stated preference studies. Valuation studies focusing on carnivores have been conducted in the US (Duffield and Neher 1996;Jorgensen et al 2001;Chambers and Whitehead 2003), Canada (Martinez-Espineira 2006) and Sweden (Bostedt and Boman 1996;Boman et al 1999;G. Ericsson et al 2006, submitted data).…”

User fees, equity and the benefits of public outdoor recreation services

“…The average number of visits per year is 1.35 for the whole population, including nonusers, and 7.08 for users only. Boman et al 1999). We report the changes per person as averages of upper and lower bound estimates in Table 4.…”