Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery due to cysticercotic angiitis.

Rodríguez-Carbajal, Jesús; Brutto, Oscar H. Del; Penagos, Pedro; Huebe, J; Escobar, Alfonso

doi:10.1161/01.str.20.8.1095

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cerebrovascular complications, which are the result of multiple mechanisms, including luminal narrowing due to subintimal cushions, vasospasm due to arteritis in midsized and small perforating vessels of the brain, and fresh thrombi (29). The spectrum of vascular complications includes either lacunar infarction or large-vessel disease, progressive midbrain syndrome, transient ischemic attacks, and brain hemorrhage (29,30).…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Kimura‐Hayama¹,

Higuera²,

et al. 2010

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Neurocysticercosis is a neurologic parasitic disease caused by the encysted larva of the tapeworm Taenia solium and is the most important parasitic disease of the human central nervous system. It is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in endemic settings and constitutes a public health challenge for most of the developing world. Nowadays, however, as a result of globalization, neurocysticercosis is being seen more frequently in developed countries as well. Neurocysticercosis is acquired through fecal-oral contamination, and the disease course is complex, with two intermediate hosts (ie, pigs and humans) and a definitive host (humans). Traditionally, it has been classified into active and nonactive forms according to disease location. Radiologists must be aware of its imaging appearance, which is quite variable, as is the differential diagnosis. Imaging findings depend on several factors, including the stage of the life cycle of T solium at presentation; the number and location (ie, subarachnoid, cisternal, or intraventricular) of parasites; and associated complications such as vascular involvement (ie, arteritis with or without infarction), inflammatory response (ie, edema, gliosis, or arachnoiditis), and, in ventricular forms, degree of obstruction. Thus, the diagnostic approach, management, and prognosis for neurocysticercosis differ widely depending on the type of infection.

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Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Kimura‐Hayama¹,

Higuera²,

et al. 2010

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“…Some patients, however, present with rapid development of focal signs due to the occurrence of a cerebrovascular event. 13,52 Other patients present with increased intracranial pressure and dementia signs. Hydrocephalus, related to cysticercal arachnoiditis, granular ependymitis, or ventricular cysts, is the most common cause of this syndrome.…”

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confidence: 99%

Review of neurocysticercosis

Sotelo¹,

Brutto²

2002

FOC

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In the neurosurgical services in many developing countries, treatment of neurocysticercosis (NCC) accounts for greater than 10% of brain surgical procedures and approximately 15% of neurological consultations. In these areas brain cysticercosis is the leading cause of hydrocephalus in adults and the first cause of late-onset epilepsy. During the last two decades, successful medical treatment has been established. Additionally, neuroimaging and immunological studies have clearly defined the topography, pathophysiological mechanisms, and biological status of these lesions. Thus, selection of cases for medical or surgical treatment has improved; in a significant number of cases, both interventions are required. New therapies with either albendazole or praziquantel have respectively reduced to 8 days and to 1 day the course of anticysticidal therapy, which now is fast, effective, inexpensive, atoxic, and convenient, particularly in endemic areas where most patients belong to the lower socioeconomic groups. Additionally, the rational use of steroid agents facilitates the treatment of inflammation, a conspicuous accompaniment in cases of NCC. A major effort, however, is still required to eradicate this disease.

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“…8 Angiographic studies have rarely shown arterial thrombosis in cerebral cysticercosis. 349 - 13 In those patients with cerebral cysticercosis and stroke, vascular events have been related to thrombosis of the superficial cortical vessels owing to chronic meningitis, 1415 to arteritis induced by the presence of adjacent cysts, 1215 - 18 to fusiform aneurysms produced by weakening of the wall of the vessels, 12 and to occlusion of small perforating vessels affected by endarteritis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.

Alarcón

Hidalgo

Moncayo

et al. 1992

Stroke

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Background and Purpose:In 1985 we initiated a protocol for examining the relationship between cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.Methods: In 420 stroke patients admitted to our department, our standard protocol of tests included blood tests, cardiac investigations, angiography, and immunologic cerebrospinal fluid measures. We assessed the following possible risk factors: arterial hypertension, diabetes, cardiopathy, high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, smoking, alcohol abuse, and cerebral cysticercosis.Results: Of the 420 patients with stroke, we found cerebral cysticercosis in 31, five of whom were >65 years of age and 26 of whom were <65 years. We determined that cerebral cysticercosis was the only possible risk factor for stroke in one of the five older patients and 15 of the 26 younger and middle-aged patients. Cortical infarctions were found in five of the 31 patients, with cerebral cysticercosis and lacunar infarctions in nine of these patients. One patient had intracystic hemorrhage. In 16 cases, neurological deficit was related to single or multiple cysts, colloids, granulomas, diffuse lesions, or pericystic edema. All patients with cerebral cysticercosis quickly recovered from their neurological deficit, except one who had a hemorrhagic cyst and died and another who remained disabled.Conclusions: We established that, in patients with neurocysticercosis, occlusion of the small cortical or penetrating vessels at the base of the brain caused by arteriopathy was the most common mechanism of the stroke. Moreover, there is a probable association between cerebral cysticercosis and the susceptibility to stroke, particularly among young and middle-aged patients. (Stroke 1992;23:224-228)

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Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery due to cysticercotic angiitis.

Cited by 52 publications

References 11 publications

Neurocysticercosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Neurocysticercosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Review of neurocysticercosis

Cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.

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