Occlusive and Proliferative Properties of Different Collagen Membranes—An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Different collagen barrier membranes come in various sources and crosslinking that may affect barrier function and tissue integration. This study investigated barrier function and tissue integration of the three different collagen membranes (Jason®: porcine pericardium, GENOSS: bovine tendon, and BioMend® Extend: cross-linked bovine tendon) with human gingival fibroblasts. The barrier function and tissue integration properties were determined under confocal microscopy. Morphological characteristics were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Our results showed that all collagen membranes allowed a small number of cells to migrate, and the difference in barrier function ability was not significant. The cross-linked characteristics did not improve barrier ability. The native collagen membrane surfaces allowed evenly scattered proliferation of HGF, while the cross-linked collagen membrane induced patchy proliferation. Statistically significant differences in cell proliferation were found between Jason and BioMend Extend membranes (p = 0.04). Scanning electron microscope showed a compact membrane surface at the top, while the bottom surfaces displayed interwoven collagen fibers, which were denser in the crosslinked collagen membranes. Within the limitations of this study, collagen membranes of different origins and physical properties can adequately prevent the invasion of unwanted cells. Native collagen membranes may provide a better surface for gingival cell attachment and proliferation.

A comprehensive in vitro characterization of non-crosslinked, diverse tissue-derived collagen-based membranes intended for assisting bone regeneration

“…Overall, considering that membranes are hydrated in vivo , the rheological data indicate that an accurate prediction of the (relative) sample mechanical performance requires evaluation after hydration. The higher deformability found for membrane 4 is in agreement with the greater flexibility reported in the literature for porcine-derived membranes [ 9 ].…”

“…Since enzymatically-catalysed hydrolytic degradation has been recognized as the main cause for premature membrane resorption, sample sensitivity to type I collagenase was evaluated [ 8 , 9 , 18 , 46 , 47 ]. Consistently with less hydration and porosity that are expected to reduce exposure to the enzyme, membrane 2 was the most resistant.…”

“…Characterization studies of this type of device have been intensifying [ 6 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 14 , 19 – 23 ]. However, only the physico-chemical and/or resorption properties or the biological features of selected commercialized membranes have been mainly investigated [ 9 , 13 – 16 , 19 – 24 ]. Fewer in vivo studies investigating membranes-host interaction are available [ 5 , 6 , 11 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Can Vitamin C Improve Proliferation and Viability of Smokers’ Gingival Fibroblasts on Collagen Membranes? An In Vitro Study

“…Collagen membranes are manufactured for clinical applications in two forms: native (non-crosslinked) or chemically processed (crosslinked). The chemical processing involves the introduction of covalent bonds to enhance the strength of collagen fibers [4,9,11,28,29]. Nevertheless, there has been limited research conducted on the impact of crosslinking collagen membranes on the bioactivity of gingival fibroblasts.…”

“…On the other hand, the surgical factor with a critical effect on the outcome of the tissue regeneration procedure involves the proper selection of the barrier membrane [9]. Bioabsorbable membranes comprising type I bovine or porcine collagen or poly(hydroxy acids), such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), and their co-polymers, are predominantly utilized in periodontal regeneration [10].…”