Occult bilateral ectopic vaginal ureters causing urinary incontinence: diagnosis by computed tomography

Pantuck, Allan J.; Barone, Joseph G.; Rosenfeld, David; Fleisher, Michael H.

doi:10.1007/s002619900018

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In humans, this disorder most commonly is associated with ipsilateral renal pelvic duplication or renal dysplasia. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In affected domestic animals, renal anatomy usually is normal, with the principal anomaly being termination of one or both ureters distal to the urinary bladder trigone. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The most common clinical presentation in all species is urinary incontinence interspersed with periods of normal urination.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…15,17,19 Various factors, including obscured visualization of the urinary bladder trigone and caudal urinary tract by overlying pelvic structures, may compromise radiographic evaluation. 23 Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) has become the method of choice for evaluating ureteral ectopia in humans [1][2][3][4][5][6] because this procedure is relatively noninvasive. The improved spatial and temporal resolution characteristic of helically or axially acquired transverse imaging allows a more detailed evaluation of anatomy because the view is not obscured by overlying structures.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Digital Fluoroscopic Excretory Urography, Digital Fluoroscopic Urethrography, Helical Computed Tomography, and Cystoscopy in 24 Dogs with Suspected Ureteral Ectopia

Samii

McLoughlin

Mattoon

et al. 2004

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of helical computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of ectopic ureters in the dog and to compare these findings with those of digital fluoroscopic excretory urography and digital fluoroscopic urethrography. Ureteral ectopia was confirmed or disproved based on findings from cystoscopy and exploratory surgery or post-mortem examination. Of 24 dogs (20 female, 4 male) evaluated, 17 had ureteral ectopia. Digital fluoroscopic excretory urography and CT correctly identified ureteral ectopic status and site of ureteral ectopia (P .05). Urethrography did not reliably detect ureteral ectopia. No false-positive diagnoses of ureteral ectopia were made in any of the imaging studies. Cystoscopic findings significantly agreed with findings during surgery in determining ureteral ectopic status and ectopic ureter site. One false-positive cystoscopic diagnosis of unilateral ureteral ectopia was made in a male dog. Kappa statistics showed better agreement between CT and both cystoscopy and surgical or postmortem examination findings with regard to presence and site of ureteral ectopia compared with other imaging techniques. CT was more useful than other established diagnostic imaging techniques for diagnosing canine ureteral ectopia.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Digital Fluoroscopic Excretory Urography, Digital Fluoroscopic Urethrography, Helical Computed Tomography, and Cystoscopy in 24 Dogs with Suspected Ureteral Ectopia

Samii

McLoughlin

Mattoon

et al. 2004

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…This is explained by the fact that patient had, over the years, learned to hold the urine in her vagina by contracting the pelvic floor musculature. Computed tomography was crucial for arriving at a diagnosis in this case, as was reported by other authors in similar cases, although magnetic resonance urogram can be further precise [4]. There was a therapeutic dilemma regarding reconstruction of the urinary tract.…”

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confidence: 55%

Bilateral Single Ectopic Ureters Draining Into a Grossly Dilated Vagina in an Adolescent Female

et al. 2013

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A 16-year-old female presented with dribbling of urine along with voluntary voiding since birth. Renal imaging revealed hydroureteronephrosis on the right side; the uterus and ovary were normal. A radionuclide scan showed a left nonfunctional kidney. On cystovaginoscopy, the urethra was shown to be normal and the urinary bladder was tubular with small capacity and an absent trigone. Although the vagina was capacious, no ureteric orifices were found. Computed tomography corroborated the diagnosis of bilateral, single ectopic ureters draining into a grossly dilated vagina. This case is unique because it is a bilateral single-system ureteral ectopia in a completely differentiated female genital tract that presented late in adolescence. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second such ureteral abnormality reported in the literature so far. The patient underwent ileocystoplasty with right ureteric reimplantation and nephroureterectomy for the left nonfunctional kidney, which histopathology showed to be tuberculosis. The patient is continent with cystometric capacity of more than 300 mL.

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“…According to their report, preoperative use of a delayed enhanced CT clearly showed the location of the dysplastic renal unit. Since then, several other cases have been reported [7][8][9]. In our case, too, a small dysplastic kidney was visualized on the initial enhanced CT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Single Ectopic Vaginal Ureter Diagnosed by Computed Tomography

Komatsu

Niikura²,

Maeda³

et al. 1999

Urol Int

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Occult bilateral ectopic vaginal ureters causing urinary incontinence: diagnosis by computed tomography

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Digital Fluoroscopic Excretory Urography, Digital Fluoroscopic Urethrography, Helical Computed Tomography, and Cystoscopy in 24 Dogs with Suspected Ureteral Ectopia

Digital Fluoroscopic Excretory Urography, Digital Fluoroscopic Urethrography, Helical Computed Tomography, and Cystoscopy in 24 Dogs with Suspected Ureteral Ectopia

Bilateral Single Ectopic Ureters Draining Into a Grossly Dilated Vagina in an Adolescent Female

Single Ectopic Vaginal Ureter Diagnosed by Computed Tomography

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