Occult HBV infection

Raimondo, Giovanni; Caccamo, Gaia; Filomia, Roberto; Pollicino, Teresa

doi:10.1007/s00281-012-0327-7

Cited by 205 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…The prominence of male sex was expected because it was similar to the results of other studies of HBV-endemic Asian countries (22,23,25) and Asian refugees in Minnesota (9). Few other Asian American studies have examined level of education as a factor associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…This result raises four possibilities for interpretation: 1) resolved infection; 2) false-positive anti-HBc; 3) "low-level" chronic infection; or 4) resolving acute infection. If full recovery from acute HBV does not occur, the virus may lie dormant (i.e., at a low level of chronic infection), with the possibility of reactivation (22). Thus, individuals with this result may be at risk of virological and clinical reactivation of occult HBV infection under certain clinical conditions, such as HIV infection and organ transplantation (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among Foreign-Born Asian Americans in the U.S.

et al. 2017

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This study reports hepatitis B serologic test results among foreign-born Asian Americans. In 2013 -2014, a sample of foreignborn Asian American adults, (≥ 18 years of age) were drawn from community-based organizations in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. Hepatitis B screening tests were administered, including tests for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc. Among total of 600 people who completed screening, 33 (5.5%) tested positive for HBsAg, indicating chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. About 44% (n = 263) tested positive for anti-HBc, indicating a previous exposure to HBV. Asian Americans from Vietnam (53.2%) had the highest exposure to HBV, followed by Asian Americans from Korea (43.4%) and China (34.8%) (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, gender, age, education, and family history of HBV infection were associated with previous exposure to HBV infection. The prevalence of anti-HBc (44%) in our study group was much higher than that of a nationally representative sample in the NHANES study (6%), indicating that there is higher incidence of HBV in foreign-born Asian Americans than the general U.S. population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among Foreign-Born Asian Americans in the U.S.

et al. 2017

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“…In the case of the immune system, light or moderate alcohol consumption was associated with reduced inflammation and improved response to vaccination, while chronic heavy drinking was associated with decreased lymphocyte counts and increased risk of both bacterial and viral infections (Barr et al 2016). Increased alcohol consumption has been related to increased prevalence of seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) to anti-HBe and to increasing prevalence of alcoholic liver disease and decreasing prevalence of chronic hepatitis (Itoh and Shimoji 1986), which might be a cause for OBI occurrence following HBV infection (Raimondo et al 2013). Therefore, discontinuing heavy alcohol drinking should decrease the frequency of OBI occurrence in HLP patients and healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Hyperlipidemia Patients

Yang

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2017

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with lower prevalence of hyperlipidemia (HLP).However, occult HBV infection (OBI) in HLP patients has not yet been explored. OBI is defined as the presence of detectable HBV DNA in serum or liver tissue but undetectable HBV surface antigen in serum. In this study, 1,036 HLP patients and 1,134 replacement blood donor controls were recruited. Among them, 252 HLP patients and 255 blood donors with antibody to HBV core positive were selected and analyzed. HBV DNA was confirmed by nucleic acid testing assays, and nucleotide mutations were analyzed. OBI was detected in 9.5% (24/252) of HLP patients and 2.4% (6/255) of blood donors, respectively (P < 0.001). In HLP population, 41.7% of OBI and 13.6% of non-OBI carriers were associated with daily alcohol consuming > 30 g/day (P < 0.01), while in control population those rates were not statistically different between OBI and non-OBI carriers (P > 0.05). Viral load of OBI in HLP patients was higher than that of OBI in blood donors (P < 0.05), which was a positive correlation between total cholesterol and HBV viral load levels (r = 0.474 P = 0.019). HBV vaccination rate was found significantly lower in OBI HLP patients than that in non-OBI HLP patients (P < 0.01). Importantly, mutations were found in basic core promoter region of HBV among OBI HLP patients. In conclusion, the frequency of OBI is significantly higher in HLP patients, especially those patients with heavy daily alcohol consumption.

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“…However, it is considered that OHB can be a risk factor for transmission of HBV as well as cryptogenic liver disease, reactivation of HBV, hepatocellular carcinoma, in addition, OHB may affect disease progression and treatment response in chronic HCV (2,3,4,5,6).…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment should be tested for HBV serological markers, including anti-HBc especially before starting therapy (2,5,6). Prophylactic antiviral treatment in hemato-oncological patients with possible OHB (isolated anti-HBc positivity) is still controversial.…”

Section: Occult Hepatitis B Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%