“…Natural streamflow regimes are threatened worldwide by a host of anthropogenic factors, including construction of dams and diversion structures, groundwater withdrawals from aquifers, and other hydromorphological alterations (Sondergaard and Jeppesen, 2007;Carlisle et al, 2010). Additionally, extreme climate events are expected to increase as a result of global climatic change, including many events that directly impact lotic ecosystems, such as increases in drought frequency, duration, and intensity in many regions of the world (Beniston et al, 2007;Beche et al, 2009), including in the focal region of this study, where these phenomena have already had consequences for rare and imperiled aquatic species (Magoulick and Lynch, 2015). The potential interactive effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors such as drought, climate change, and human water use on ecosystems highlight the need for increased understanding of each stressor (Christensen et al, 2006;Beche et al, 2009).…”