Occupant injury in rollover crashes – Contribution of planar impacts with objects and other vehicles

Ivarsson, Johan; Poplin, Gerald S.; McMurry, Tim; Crandall, Jeffrey Richard; Kerrigan, Jason

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.09.008

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although rollovers have a higher risk than non-rollovers of causing cervical vertebral injuries (NASS-CDS and CISS data) and spinal cord injuries (NASS-CDS data only), these increased risks were not significantly different between females and males ( p > 0.60 in both NASS-CDS and CISS). This finding is consistent with previous rollover-specific research (Funk et al 2012 ; Ivarsson et al 2015 ). Sex, however, is a complex variable that combines many intrinsic factors (e.g., height, weight, vertebral size, vertebral tolerance to load, neck length, neck strength, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Considerable epidemiological data exist describing injury characteristics in rollover occupants (Bose et al 2011 ; Fakharian et al 2017 ; Foster et al 2012 ; Funk et al 2012 ; Ivarsson et al 2015 ; Mandell et al 2010 ; McMurry et al 2016 ; Parenteau and Viano 2014 ; Ridella and Eigen 2008 ; Stein et al 2011 ). The occurrence and severity of various injuries in rollovers have been associated with seating position (Funk et al 2012 ; Jehle et al 2007 ; Viano et al 2007 ), occupant age (Bilston et al 2011 ; McMurry et al 2016 ; Stein et al 2011 ), ejection status (Funk et al 2012 ; Gloeckner et al 2006 ), and seatbelt use (Funk et al 2012 ; Moore, 2005 ; Parker, 2007 ; Viano et al 2007 ), but none of these studies focused specifically on cervical spine injuries in rollover crashes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cervical vertebral and spinal cord injuries in rollover occupants

Al-Salehi,

Kroeker,

Kerrigan

et al. 2024

Inj. Epidemiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Rollover crashes continue to be a substantial public health issue in North America. Previous research has shown that the cervical spine is the most injured spine segment in rollovers, but much of the past research has focused on risk factors rather than the actual cervical spine injuries. We sought to examine how different types of cervical spine injuries (vertebral and/or cord injury) vary with different occupant-related factors in rollovers and to compare these with non-rollovers. Methods We obtained crash and injury information from the National Automotive Sampling System–Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) for 2005–2015 and Crash Investigation Sampling System (CISS) for 2017–2022. Based on weighted data, we calculated relative risks to assess how occupant sex, seat belt use, ejection status, and fatal outcome relate to the rate of different cervical spine injuries in rollovers and non-rollovers. Results In NASS-CDS occupants with cervical spine injuries (N = 111,040 weighted cases), about 91.5% experienced at least one vertebral injury whereas only 11.3% experienced a spinal cord injury (most of which had a concomitant vertebral fracture). All types of cervical spine injuries we examined were 3.4–5.2 times more likely to occur in rollovers compared to non-rollovers. These relative risks were similar for both sexes, belted and unbelted, non-ejected, and non-fatal occupants. The number of weighted CISS occupants with cervical spine injuries (N = 42,003) was smaller than in the NASS analysis, but cervical spine injuries remained 6.25 to 6.36 times more likely in rollovers compared to non-rollovers despite a more modern vehicle fleet. Conclusions These findings underscore the continued need for rollover-specific safety countermeasures, especially those focused on cervical spine injury prevention, and elucidate the frequency, severity and other characteristics of the specific vertebral and spinal cord injuries being sustained in rollovers. Our findings suggest that countermeasures focused on preventing cervical vertebral fractures will also effectively prevent most cervical spinal cord injuries.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical vertebral and spinal cord injuries in rollover occupants

Al-Salehi,

Kroeker,

Kerrigan

et al. 2024

Inj. Epidemiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies have examined differences between crash type and BI severity, the latter increasing, for example, when the accident involves a frontal rather than rear impact [ 25 ]. In rollover crashes and drops, passengers are more likely to suffer serious head and cervical spine injuries [ 26 , 27 ]. Similarly, analyses show that driving under non-optimal conditions of light and on non-optimal road surfaces play an important role in crash severity [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Aging Drivers and Vehicles on the Injury Severity of Crash Victims

Santolino

Céspedes²,

Ayuso

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Against a general trend of increasing driver longevity, the injuries suffered by vehicle occupants in Spanish road traffic crashes are analyzed by the level of severity of their bodily injuries (BI). Generalized linear mixed models are applied to model the proportion of non-serious, serious, and fatal victims. The dependence between vehicles involved in the same crash is captured by including random effects. The effect of driver age and vehicle age and their interaction on the proportion of injured victims is analyzed. We find a nonlinear relationship between driver age and BI severity, with young and older drivers constituting the riskiest groups. In contrast, the expected severity of the crash increases linearly up to a vehicle age of 18 and remains constant thereafter at the highest level of BI severity. No interaction between the two variables is found. These results are especially relevant for countries such as Spain with increasing driver longevity and an aging car fleet.

show abstract