Occupational and environmental mesotheliomas due to crocidolite mining activities in Wittenoom, Western Australia

Rogers, AJ; Nevill, M

doi:10.5271/sjweh.35

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In another study from the same area above, i.e. Wittenoom in western Australia, where there was a heavy contamination of the surroundings of the mine including the village itself, the life-long risk of mesothelioma was calculated to be 6% for the work force, 1.9% for the female residents, and 1.1% for the children [21]; figures very much lower than those seen in Karain. This is despite the fact that the exposure levels (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Malignant mesothelioma due to environmental exposure to erionite: follow-up of a Turkish emigrant cohort

Metintaş¹,

Hillerdal²,

Metintaş³

1999

Eur Respir J

134

137

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The incidence of malignant mesothelioma is extremely high in some Turkish villages where there is a low-level environmental exposure to erionite, a fibrous zeolite. The best known example is the village of Karain. However, since epidemiological studies are difficult to perform in Turkey, the incidence and the dose-response curve have not been thoroughly examined. A small cohort of immigrants from Karain who have lived in Sweden for many years were studied. Exposure data, i.e. the time residing in Karain, and hospital records including pathological diagnosis, were recorded. The cohort consisted of 162 people. During the observation time, 18 deaths occurred, 14 (78%) of which were due to malignant pleural mesothelioma. In addition, there were five patients with mesothelioma who were still alive, one of whom had a peritoneal mesothelioma. Thus, the risk of mesothelioma is 135-times and 1,336-times greater in males and females, respectively, than for the same sex and age groups in Sweden. The risk increased with duration of residence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Malignant mesothelioma due to environmental exposure to erionite: follow-up of a Turkish emigrant cohort

Metintaş¹,

Hillerdal²,

Metintaş³

1999

Eur Respir J

134

137

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“…Environmental cases from non-mine employees such as women, children, and town visitors have not been included in this study and were reported elsewhere. (16) Although the infamy of the Wittenoom mine gives the impression that Australia was a major producer of asbestos, more than 95 percent was imported from Canada and South Africa. (16) …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(16) Although the infamy of the Wittenoom mine gives the impression that Australia was a major producer of asbestos, more than 95 percent was imported from Canada and South Africa. (16) …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Mesothelioma Cases in Different Occupational Groups and Industries in Australia, 1979-1995

Yeung¹,

Rogers²,

Ag³

1999

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Australia was a producer and user of asbestos and has one of the highest national incidences of mesothelioma in the world. The incidence is still rising and expected to do so for another 10-20 years. A study was conducted in 1996 to examine the past and current incidence rates of mesothelioma in a number of industries and occupations as the basis for predicting future outcomes. Occupational histories of a total of 3758 mesothelioma cases collected by two sequential national schemes--the Australian Mesothelioma Surveillance Program (1979-1985) and Australian Mesothelioma Register (1986-1995)--were reviewed and coded by the authors. The building industry contributed the largest number of cases nationwide followed by shipbuilding and repair, asbestos cement production, crocidolite mining and milling, railway locomotive construction and repair, coal-fired power stations, and other engineering operations. The mean latency between initial occupational asbestos exposure and diagnosis of the disease was 37.4 years (range = 4-66 years) for cases notified between 1979 and 1985, and 41.4 years (range = 6-84 years) for those between 1986 and 1995. Trends for each industry group have been changing considerably in the past 16 years, with the traditional primary asbestos industry cases from crocidolite mining and milling now on the decline and cases from asbestos cement production having plateaued. In contrast, more recently, more cases were observed from the asbestos user industries such as the building industry, and from occupations such as plumbers, carpenters, machinists, and car mechanics. These increases might be a reflection of the longer latency effects of the intermittent and less severe exposures in these larger occupational groups.

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“…A cohort of 6,358 men employed at a crocidolite mine and mill in Wittenoom, Australia between 1943 and 1946 experienced an excess of mortality from mesothelioma and lung cancer [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In a follow-up of the cohort through the year 2000 [5] 302 lung cancer deaths were recorded.…”

Section: Example: Comparison Of Poisson and Cox Regression In Modelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Making Epidemiologic Data More Useful for Quantitative Risk Assessment

Crump¹

2011

TOEPIJ

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This paper discusses issues faced in using epidemiologic data to develop quantitative estimates of risk from specified patterns of exposure to a toxicant. We focus on use of data from cohort studies with binary endpoints (occurrence or non-occurrence of disease). Relative advantages of Cox regression and Poisson regression are presented. A general form of exposure metric is presented, and criteria for selecting an appropriate metric are discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of various dose-response models are discussed. It is argued that, unless low-dose linearity of the dose response can be ruled out on non-statistical grounds, then bounds for low-dose risk should incorporate low-dose linearity; a sequential procedure for computing such bounds is illustrated. Limitations in exposure data and their impact on risk assessments are discussed. Issues arising when using meta-analytic techniques to combine data from multiple epidemiologic studies are discussed. Limitations in risk assessments resulting from reliance upon published results alone are described. Methods for converting from measures of risk used in epidemiologic studies (e.g., relative risk) to measures appropriate for a risk assessment (e.g., additional lifetime probability of disease occurrence resulting from a specific exposure pattern) are described in detail. Several examples from the asbestos epidemiologic literature are presented to illustrate these issues.

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Occupational and environmental mesotheliomas due to crocidolite mining activities in Wittenoom, Western Australia

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Malignant mesothelioma due to environmental exposure to erionite: follow-up of a Turkish emigrant cohort

Malignant mesothelioma due to environmental exposure to erionite: follow-up of a Turkish emigrant cohort

Distribution of Mesothelioma Cases in Different Occupational Groups and Industries in Australia, 1979-1995

Toward Making Epidemiologic Data More Useful for Quantitative Risk Assessment

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