Occupational and other environmental factors and multiple myeloma: a population based case-control study.

Eriksson, Mikael; Karlsson, Marcus

doi:10.1136/oem.49.2.95

Cited by 70 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…species of farm animals was found (Eriksson and Karlsson, 1992). A UK study found an OR of 1.69 for exposure to farm animals , although the number of exposed cases was few (Staines and Cartwright, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Occupational exposures, animal exposure and smoking as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study

Nordström¹,

Hardell²,

Magnuson³

et al. 1998

Br J Cancer

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Summary To evaluate occupational exposures as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia (HCL), a population-based case-control study on 121 male HCL patients and 484 controls matched for age and sex was conducted. Elevated odds ratio (OR) was found for exposure to farm animals in general: OR 2.0, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.2-3.2. The ORs were elevated for exposure to cattle, horse, hog, poultry and sheep. Exposure to herbicides (OR 2.9, Cl 1.4-5.9), insecticides (OR 2.0, Cl 1.1-3.5), fungicides (OR 3.8, Cl 1.4-9.9) and impregnating agents (OR 2.4, Cl 1.3-4.6) also showed increased risk. Certain findings suggested that recall bias may have affected the results for farm animals, herbicides and insecticides. Exposure to organic solvents yielded elevated risk (OR 1.5, Cl 0.99-2.3), as did exposure to exhaust fumes (OR 2.1, Cl 1.3-3.3). In an additional multivariate model, the ORs remained elevated for all these exposures with the exception of insecticides. We found a reduced risk for smokers with OR 0.6 (Cl 0.4-1.1) because of an effect among non-farmers.

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mentioning

confidence: 98%

Occupational exposures, animal exposure and smoking as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study

Nordström¹,

Hardell²,

Magnuson³

et al. 1998

Br J Cancer

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“…[4][5][6] The increase in these hematologic neoplasias is presently not understood, although some risk factors are being discussed intensively. They involve agricultural occupations [7][8][9][10][11][12] and contact with cattle. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Several authors also report an elevated risk for these neoplasms in butchers, abattoir workers and meat cutters.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus target cell conditioning model to explain some epidemiologic characteristics of childhood leukemias and lymphomas

Hausen

Villiers

2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Frequent infections in early childhood, whole-day care and a socially unprivileged environment have been reported as protective factors for childhood leukemias and lymphomas. Conversely, a protected social environment, higher level of education and growing up in families with a low number of children are considered as risk factors. Additional risk factors involve agricultural occupation of the parents and exposure to several other occupational factors. These data led to a number of hypotheses that attempted to explain the epidemiologic observations; however, a number of questions are still open. Here we propose a new concept that could explain most of the epidemiologic characteristics. This concept is based on the assumption that persistent infections with TT virus-like agents increase the risk for specific chromosomal translocations. This risk should correlate with the viral load.Interferon induction by intermittent infections should reduce the viral load and thus decrease the risk for chromosomal modifications. Some virologic observations in support of this model are presented. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…From these, 18 were excluded because they did not provide enough data to calculate the outcome, were already included in other studies, or did not focus on PCM or smoking. From these 17 studies, 4 were prospective cohort [5-8] and 13 were case-control studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The prospective studies were published between 1990 and 2007, and included 1,232 cases identified in a total cohort of 789,000 individuals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

No association between cigarette smoking and incidence of plasma cell myeloma: A meta‐analysis of 17 observational studies

Castillo¹,

Dhami²,

Curry³

et al. 2012

American J Hematol

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Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the malignant growth of monoclonal plasma cells within the bone marrow. Although risk factors for the development of PCM have been identified, the etiology on the majority of patients with PCM remains unclear. Cigarette smoking has been postulated as a potential risk factor for lymphoid malignancies; however, the association with PCM is inconclusive. We have carried out a meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the relationship, if any, between cigarette smoking and PCM. A literature search through December 2011 rendered 4 prospective cohort and 13 case-control studies evaluating such association. Our categorical meta-analysis showed that there is no association between ever, current, and former smokers and PCM. This lack of association was maintained when analyzing by study design, study quality, and geographical area of report. Similarly, metaregression analysis showed no association with the number of cigarettes smoked per day. In conclusion, our meta-analysis shows that there is no relationship between cigarette smoking and an increased incidence of PCM. Future studies should focus on other potential risk factors for PCM.PCM is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the malignant accumulation of monoclonal plasma cells within the bone marrow. Patients with PCM can present with anemia, renal dysfunction, hypercalcemia, and bony lytic lesions, and can develop disabling effects from this disease, such as bone fractures or permanent renal insufficiency. In the United States (US) alone, it has been estimated that 21,700 individuals will be diagnosed and 10,710 will die from PCM in 2012 [1]. Despite recent advances in the therapy of PCM (i.e., immunomodulators and proteasome inhibitors), PCM is considered incurable and the majority of patients will ultimately die from PCM-related complications. The etiology of PCM has been an area of active research and few risk factors have been described, such as older age, male sex, African descent, a positive family history, and increased body mass index [2]. However, the large majority of patients diagnosed with PCM do not have an identifiable risk factor. Cigarette smoking has been associated with an increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative disorders [3,4]. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential association that cigarette smoking could have on the incidence of PCM by performing a meta-analysis of observational studies.Our literature search through December 2011 rendered 161 returns, from which 133 were excluded because they were case reports, reviews, or did not pertain to our study. The reference list of the remaining 28 studies provided 7 additional studies for a total of 35. From these, 18 were excluded because they did not provide enough data to calculate the outcome, were already included in other studies, or did not focus on PCM or smoking. From these 17 studies, 4 were prospective cohort [5-8] and 13 were case-control studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][1...

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Occupational and other environmental factors and multiple myeloma: a population based case-control study.

Cited by 70 publications

References 55 publications

Occupational exposures, animal exposure and smoking as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study

Occupational exposures, animal exposure and smoking as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study

Virus target cell conditioning model to explain some epidemiologic characteristics of childhood leukemias and lymphomas

No association between cigarette smoking and incidence of plasma cell myeloma: A meta‐analysis of 17 observational studies

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