Occupational blood exposures in health care workers: incidence, characteristics, and transmission of bloodborne pathogens in South Korea

Lee, Ju Hyun; Jun-Hyeon, Cho; Kim, Yung Jung; Im, Sang Hyuk; Jang, Eun Sun; Kim, Jin Wook; Kim, Hong Bin; Jeong, Sook Hyang

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4844-0

Cited by 54 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…On the contrary, higher prevalence of occupational exposure to HIV infection among health care workers than the prevalence found in the current study has been reported by several other researchers in sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the world [16]. But, our findings on prevalence of occupational exposure are above that obtained from similar studies conducted in Poland [10],Kuwait [17], South Korea [18] and Northern Nigeria [2]. This difference in prevalence of HIV observed in previous studies and our present study could be as a result of the difference in the study setting, study design and other methodological techniques.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

et al. 2020

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Background: Rivers State is among the states with high HIV prevalence in Nigeria. Occupational exposure to HIV through blood or body fluids of HIV/AIDS patients is a recognised risk factor of HIV infections among healthcare workers. We identified the determinants of occupational exposures to HIV among healthcare workers in Prevention of Maternal to Child Transmission (PMTCT) sites within Port Harcourt metropolis in Rivers State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 341 healthcare providers from 22 public and 22 private health facilities in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt metropolis. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and logistic regression models (p-value = 0.05). Results: Respondents' mean age was 35.9 ± SD8.4 years, 270 (80.1%) and 171(50.7%) were females, and from public health facilities respectively. Prevalence of occupational exposure of healthcare workers to HIV in the past 12 months was 153 (45.0%), and 96 (63.3%) experienced such exposure more than once. Contacts with potentially infectious body fluid accounted for the largest proportion 51 (33.3%); followed by needle stick prick 49 (32.6%). About 189 (56.1%) had safety information at their disposal and this serves as a reminder on safety precautions. The likelihood of occupational exposure was significantly higher among doctors (AOR = 2.22, 95% C.I = 1.16-4.25,) but lower among environmental health workers (AOR = 0.10, 95% C.I = 0.02-0.46,) than nurses/midwives when other factors were included in the model. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids remains a frequent occurrence among healthcare workers; highest among doctors in PMTCT sites in the study area. Provision of protective safety materials, training and enforcement of adherence to universal precaution strategies are highly recommended.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

et al. 2020

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“…With regard to the clinical areas, incidents occurred mainly in wards (38.8%) and Emergency department (35.8%) followed by Operation theatre (14.92%). This is similar to the findings in a study done by Lee et al 6 Among job categories, exposures were encountered mainly by Doctors who contributed for 53.73% of the incidents, followed by staffnurses (22.4%) and others which is in concordance with other studies 3,12 . Among doctors, interns and post graduate students accounted for majority of the incidents which corresponds with other reports from India 13,14 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Though health care organizations have protocols to manage OBEs, OBE rates which reflect the lacunae in preventive protocols and negligence among HCWs and OBE associated infections in HCW are poorly evaluated 6 . All healthcare institutions should ensure that HCW receive training to recognize and report occupational blood exposures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Blood Exposures in Health Care Workers at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital: Incidence, Characteristics and Transmission of Blood Borne Pathogens

Deva¹,

Kamarthi²,

Hepzibai³

et al. 2020

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Health care workers (HCW) are at risk of contracting Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human immunodeficiency viruses through Occupational Blood Exposure (OBE). Information on the incidence rate, epidemiological characteristics and transmission rate are essential to formulate effective preventive measures and management of OBE. From June-2016 to May-2018, OBE among HCW were captured systematically in EPINet (Exposure prevention information network) Register through Self reporting system. Data on number of in-patient days was collected. Incidence rate, epidemiological characteristics and transmission rate were analyzed and evaluated. Sixty seven OBE incidents were reported by HCWs accounting to an incidence rate of 0.2/1000 in-patient days. Of these, 94% were Needle stick injuries and 6% were Blood and body fluid exposures. OBE incidents occurred mainly in wards, emergency department and operation theatre with a rate of 38.8%, 35.8% and 14.9% respectively. Exposures were encountered mainly by Interns (32.8%), staff-nurses (22.4%), Postgraduate students (14.9%) and Nursing students (14.9%). Recapping of the needle was the activity which led to OBE in 37.3% and improper disposal of sharps in 22.38 % of the incidents. In addition, 19.4% and 8.95% of the incidents were due to accidental and patient factors respectively. None of the followed-up HCWs at the end of 6 months were infected by these exposures. The study brings out the epidemiological characteristics of OBE and throws a light on the target population among HCW who require more awareness and training to prevent OBE.

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“…These findings are consistent and similar to the Bosnia/Herzegovinian, Cameroonian, Saudi Arabian studies on risk of occupational exposure conducted [9][12] [13]. On the contrary, higher prevalence of occupational exposure to HIV infection among health care workers than the prevalence found in the current study has been reported by several other researchers in sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the world [14].But, our findings on prevalence of occupational exposure are above that obtained from similar studies conducted in Poland [8] ,Kuwait [15] , South Korea [16] and Northern Nigeria [17].This difference in prevalence of HIV observed in previous studies and our present study could be as a result of the difference in the study setting, study design and other methodological techniques. The differential in the level of training received by the health care workers in different study settings could also contribute to the variation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Akpuh¹,

Ikeoluwapo

Ayo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundRivers State is among the states with high HIV prevalence in Nigeria. Occupational exposure to HIV through blood or body fluids of HIV/AIDS patients is a recognised risk factor of HIV infections among healthcare workers. We identified the determinants of occupational exposures to HIV among healthcare workers in Prevention of Maternal to Child Transmission (PMTCT) sites within Port Harcourt metropolis in Rivers State. MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 341 healthcare providers from 22 public and 22 private health facilities in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt metropolis. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and logistic regression models ( p-value = 0.05 ). ResultsRespondents' mean age was 35.9±SD8.4 years, 270 (80.1%) and 171(50.7%) were females, and from public health facilities respectively. Prevalence of occupational exposure of healthcare workers to HIV in the past 12 months was 153 (45.0%), and 96 (63.3%) experienced such exposure more than once.Contacts with potentially infectious body fluid accounted for the largest proportion 51 (33.3%); followed by needle stick prick 49 (32.6%). About 189 (56.1%) had safety information at their disposal and this serves as a reminder on safety precautions. The likelihood of occupational exposure was significantly higher among doctors (AOR=2.22, 95% C.I=1.16-4.25,) but lower among environmental health workers (AOR=0.10, 95% C.I=0.02-0.46,) than nurses/midwives when other factors were included in the model. ConclusionOccupational exposure to blood and body fluids remains a frequent occurrence among healthcare workers; highest among doctors in PMTCT sites in the study area. Provision of protective safety materials, training and enforcement of adherence to universal precaution strategies are highly recommended.

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Occupational blood exposures in health care workers: incidence, characteristics, and transmission of bloodborne pathogens in South Korea

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Occupational Blood Exposures in Health Care Workers at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital: Incidence, Characteristics and Transmission of Blood Borne Pathogens

Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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