Occupational contact urticaria from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin

Kanerva, Lasse; Pelttari, M.; Jolanki, Riitta; Alanko, Kristiina; Estlander, Tuula; Suhonen, Raimo

doi:10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.13118.x

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The reason we used a number of different cell lines to study the effect of HEMA and NAC is that HEMA may usually come in contact with a variety of cell types including the immune cells, oral keratinocytes, and osteoblasts because HEMA is usually used in dental restorative materials and endodontic sealers and is a known inducer of contact dermatitis in skin (8,29) as well as hypersensitivity in the oral cavity. Furthermore, we wanted to see whether there was differential sensitivity to HEMAinduced cell death in different cell types.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the use of these resin-containing materials is beneficial to patients, they carry the risk of local and systemic adverse effects. The potential risks are direct damage to the cells (cytotoxicity) and immunemediated responses (allergy) (7,8). We have previously shown that HEMA and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) are released in vitro from many resin-based tooth restorative materials used in dentistry in microgram to milligram amounts in the first days after placement of clinically used amounts of the source materials (9 -12), and they are cytotoxic to the pulp (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of N-acetyl Cysteine–mediated Protection From 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate–induced Apoptosis

Cacalano

Hume

Jewett

2008

Journal of Endodontics

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of N-acetyl Cysteine–mediated Protection From 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate–induced Apoptosis

Cacalano

Hume

Jewett

2008

Journal of Endodontics

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“…A few cases of immediate allergy to ERs – mostly cases of contact urticaria – have been reported [10,11,12,13,14]. Only one previous report describing OA with coexistence of immediate allergy to ER could be identified [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgE-Mediated Occupational Asthma from Epoxy Resin

Hannu

Frilander

Kauppi

et al. 2008

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Epoxy resins (ERs) are used in paints and other protective coatings, including flooring materials. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) ERs (BADGE ERs) account for about 75% of the ERs used world-wide. ERs can cause both immediate and delayed allergic reactions, but immediate reactions are rare. Methods: Occupational asthma (OA) was diagnosed on the basis of a specific challenge test combined with the patient’s history of occupational exposure and respiratory symptoms. Results: A 39-year-old nonsmoking construction worker experienced dyspnea when laying ER-containing floors, but not in other situations. He also presented skin symptoms. IgE-mediated allergy to BADGE ER could be verified with both serum IgE antibodies and skin prick tests. The specific bronchial challenge test with BADGE ER caused an immediate asthmatic reaction. On patch testing, a positive reaction was provoked by BADGE ER. Conclusions: This is the first study on a patient exposed to BADGE ER with IgE-mediated immediate OA, based on a positive inhalation challenge test. If work-related respiratory symptoms develop when handling ERs, the possibility of OA should be recognized.

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“…In particular, organic acid anhydride hardeners and epoxy resins (Jolanki et al 1997a,b;Iolanki et al 2000;Kanerva et al 2002b) should be regarded as potential causes of the contact-urticaria syndrome . In particular, organic acid anhydride hardeners and epoxy resins (Jolanki et al 1997a,b;Iolanki et al 2000;Kanerva et al 2002b) should be regarded as potential causes of the contact-urticaria syndrome .…”

Section: Contact Urticariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy Resins

Jolanki¹,

Kanerva²,

Estlander³

2004

Condensed Handbook of Occupational Dermatology

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Epoxy resins are normally used in what is called an epoxy-resin system. This system consists of the epoxy resin and a hardener, and reactive diluent or other additives, such as fillers, modifiers, pigments and reinforcements. Epoxy ResinsEpoxy resins contain at least two cyclic three-membered ring structures containing oxygen, called epoxy groups, oxirane or epoxide groups, in their molecules. The term "epoxy resin" may refer to the resins in both the uncured thermoplastic and cured thermoset state. The uncured resins can be cross linked through the use of a variety of curing agents or hardeners to form cured plastics with insoluble three-dimensional structures.The reaction products of epichlorohydrin [CAS 106-89-8] and bisphenol A [CAS 80-05-7] resulted in the first commercial epoxy resins, which are generally mixtures of monomeric diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), with a molecular weight (MW) of 340 Da, and oligomers with a higher MW (Fig. 1). Apart from the DGEBA and higher oligomers, side reactions result in the formation of low levels of impurities.DGEBA epoxy resins with a low average MW of 350-400 Da are liquids with a relatively high viscosity, and they contain up to and more than 90% monomeric DGEBA. Resins with a high average MW of over than 900 Da are solids (Muskopf and McCollister 1987), but may contain more than 15% DGEBA (Henriks-Eckerman and Laijoki 1986b).DGEBA epoxy resins account for about 75% of the epoxy resins used worldwide. Non-DGEBA epoxy resins possess special properties that have made them competitive with DGEBA resins for certain applications. A list of chemical names and CAS numbers of available epoxy resins is given in Table 1. The resin or mixture of resins chosen for a particular application depends on the desired balance of properties. For example, brominated epoxy resins are semisolids and resistant to ignition, and epoxy resins based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF) are less viscous and exhibit better chemical resistance than DGEBA epoxy resins (Ponten and Bruze 2001). Triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) is one of the non-DGE-32 L. Kanerva et al. (eds.), Condensed Handbook of Occupational Dermatology

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Occupational contact urticaria from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

Mechanisms of N-acetyl Cysteine–mediated Protection From 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate–induced Apoptosis

Mechanisms of N-acetyl Cysteine–mediated Protection From 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate–induced Apoptosis

IgE-Mediated Occupational Asthma from Epoxy Resin

Epoxy Resins

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