Occupational exposures and utilisation of HIV postexposure prophylaxis amongst health workers of three hospitals in Tanzania’s Lake Zone

Kabyemera, Rogatus; Kalolo, Albino; Fernando, Geethika; Bergson, Susan

doi:10.4102/aej.v3i2.152

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The 37 studies [22–59] included 6482 participants. All of the included studies were cross‐sectional studies and the sample size ranged from 66 [35] to 401 [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Healthcare workers in developing countries are at particularly increased risk of infections from blood‐borne pathogens because of the high prevalence of such pathogens in their communities as well as the lack of basic personal protective equipment, such as gloves, gowns and goggles. For those exposed healthcare workers, the immediate administration of antiretroviral drugs following exposure to potentially infected blood or other bodily fluids is essential in order to minimize the risk of acquiring HIV infection. This review is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of knowledge and uptake of post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Africa. Methods We accessed PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, African Journals Online (AJOL), Journal Storage (JSTOR) and EMBASE. The search for unpublished studies included Google and institutional repositories were also used. This meta‐analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta‐analysis was carried out with a random‐effects method using STATA v.14 software. Results Out of 654 692 studies retrieved, 37 studies from four African regions involving 6482 healthcare providers were included in this meta‐analysis. The overall estimated pooled uptake and knowledge of HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Africa using a random‐effects model were 40.09% (95% CI: 30.14–50.04) and 57.67% (95% CI: 44.32–71.01) respectively, whereas the highest uptake and knowledge were 45.48% (95% CI: 24.79–66.17) and 61.37% (95% CI: 46.39–76.36) in the southern and eastern regions, respectively. Conclusions The results of this meta‐analysis indicated that the knowledge and uptake of post‐exposure prophylaxis, one of the best approaches to tackling HIV/AIDS transmission, are significantly low. Therefore, healthcare organizations should work on strategies to increase knowledge and uptake of post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers. Registration Prospero (ID: CRD42021244003).

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“…The 37 studies [22–59] included 6482 participants. All of the included studies were cross‐sectional studies and the sample size ranged from 66 [35] to 401 [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Occupational exposure plays a significant role in HIV transmission. Healthcare providers (HCPs) are among the group of people named by World Health Organization (WHO) to be at risk of being infected by HIV as a result of exposure to infectious materials through injuries/accidents from sharp objects such as needle stick, scissors, and knives or contact with blood or other infectious body fluids [3][4][5][6][7]. The severity of exposure increases the odds of occupational transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of HIV post exposure prophylaxis among public healthcare providers in Ilala District, Dar es Salaam

Kinigwa

Kilonzi

Mikomangwa

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) significantly reduces the risk of HIV infection to the victims. Evidence based practice has brought dynamicity in HAART regimens necessitating continual updates on knowledge of health care providers (HCPs) regarding PEP. Therefore, this study aimed to assess contemporary knowledge of HCPs on PEP three years after the introduction of Tenofovir based HAART regimens as a default for PEP in Tanzania.Methods A health care facilities based cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2018 in Ilala municipal Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A consecutive sampling method was deployed and 233 HCPs were enrolled. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions. The level of knowledge was graded using Bloom’s cut off point. Chi-square and multinomial logistic regression tests were used to check for association at significance level of p<0.05.Results A total of 13 health facilities were visited and 233 HCPs were interviewed among them 30.9%, 5.6%, 58.4%, and 5.2% were medical doctors, pharmaceutical personnel, nurses and laboratory technician respectively. The majority 72.1% (168) of the participants were female and the majority 47.2% (110) of the HCPs were aged ≥55 years. Diploma (43.8% (102)) education level constituted the largest proportion of the participants and the majority 50.2% (117) were nurses. About 70% of the respondents had low to moderate knowledge. The majority 87.6%(204) of the study participants were knowledgeable on dosage duration for PEP. However, only 41.2% (96) knew the recommended ARV regimen for PEP in Tanzania and 48.9% (114) knew how soon PEP should be initiated to prevent HIV acquisition. Certificate holders were more likely to have low knowledge on PEP compared to diploma and degree holders aOR (95% CI) 14(3.9 – 50.8), p=<0.01. The main source of PEP information to study participants was HIV treatment guideline (29%) followed by seminars (22%).Conclusion The majority of the assessed HCPs had low to moderate knowledge on PEP. The level of knowledge on PEP among HCPs increased with the level of education whereby those with a degree are more knowledgeable.

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“…Tanzania is also facing challenges of HIV occupational exposure and the low utilization of HIV PEP among HCWs [ 9 – 11 ]. Prevalence of HIV in Tanzania is around 5.1% [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of occupational injuries and knowledge of availability and utilization of post exposure prophylaxis among health care workers in Singida District Council, Singida Region, Tanzania

et al. 2018

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BackgroundInfection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a serious public health problem that threatens the lives of many people including health care workers. Health care workers are frequently exposed to occupational hazards throughout their careers. Health care workers are at risk of being infected by the virus when caring for patients in health care facilities. Utilization of HIV Post-exposure Prophylaxis (HIV PEP) is very vital once an individual is exposed.AimThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of occupational exposure, knowledge of, availability and utilization of post exposure prophylaxis among health care workers in Singida District Council, Tanzania.MethodsA descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from April to May 2013. Health care workers actively treating patients were enrolled from 18 heath facilities in Singida District Council. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and analysed using Stata version 12.ResultsOut of 239 participants, slightly more than half, 124 (52%) had inadequate overall knowledge of HIV PEP. Of the 239, 121(50.6%) participants experienced occupational exposure. Two leading types of exposure were blood splash 57(47.1%) and needle stick injuries 45 (37.2%),respectively. Among the 121 exposed participants, 83(68.6%) reported the exposure incident, 91(75.2%) had an HIV test, 32 (26.4%), started HIV PEP after testing, 28 (23.1%), completed HIV PEP, and 65 (53.7%) had a follow-up HIV test. About two thirds (159/239), of participants reported that HIV PEP services were available at the time the study was conducted, and 49 (20.5%), reported daily access to HIV PEP service.ConclusionThe prevalence of occupational exposure among health care workers is high with low utilization of HIV PEP. The majority of healthcare workers had inadequate knowledge of HIV PEP. The findings highlight the need to improve the level of knowledge of HIV PEP and utilization of PEP among this at-high-risk-group in Singida.

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Occupational exposures and utilisation of HIV postexposure prophylaxis amongst health workers of three hospitals in Tanzania’s Lake Zone

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Knowledge of HIV post exposure prophylaxis among public healthcare providers in Ilala District, Dar es Salaam

Prevalence of occupational injuries and knowledge of availability and utilization of post exposure prophylaxis among health care workers in Singida District Council, Singida Region, Tanzania

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