Occupational groups and risk of suicidal behavior in men: a Swedish national cohort study during 2002–2019

Abstract

Introduction The risk of suicide has been shown to vary by occupation. We aim to identify contemporary occupational groups at greatest risk for suicidal behaviour (fatal and non-fatal), in Swedish men of working-age. Methods A population-based cohort study of male conscripts without history of self-harm who enlisted during 1968–2001 and were followed-up during 2002–2019 (n = 1 542 665). Occupational groups and suicidal behaviours were identified using national registers. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) for suicidal behaviour at ages 25–65 were calculated among occupational groups, and compared to the incidence rate of the whole cohort. Results Major occupational groups with increased risk for suicidal behavior included elementary occupations, building and manufacturing, service, care and shop sale and mechanical manufacturing and transport. Subgroup analyses revealed particularly high risks for assistant nurses, other service workers not elsewhere classified, building frame and related trades workers and cleaners and helpers. Conclusions Men with elementary occupations as well as personal care and building and manufacturing workers were at greatest risk. This study provides a comprehensive description of risks for suicidal behaviour among occupational groups in men of working-age. These results suggest occupational groups that should be targeted for general suicide prevention intervention.