Occupational Health and Safety Surveillance: Hazard Surveillance: Its Role in Primary Prevention of Occupational Disease and Injury

Greife, Alice; Halperin, William; Groce, Dennis W.; O’Brien, Dennis; Pedersen, David; Myers, John R.; Jenkins, Lynn

doi:10.1080/1047322x.1995.10387678

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…(10)(11)(12) Hazard surveillance encompasses all health and safety hazards, including chemical, physical, ergonomic, safety, and psychosocial. (6,7,9,13,14) Exposure surveillance can be performed at many levels: within a department or section of a company (e.g., by the company itself (15) ); on a companywide basis (e.g., single or multisite, national or multinational company (16) ); on an industrywide basis (by a trade association, labor union, branch of military service (17) ); or by broad geographic levels, such as region or nation (e.g., by a government entity (18) ). Surveillance is most useful for prevention when aggregate, or grouped, analysis is performed with information about determinants of exposure at the work site level, with analysis and communication tailored to specific audiences.…”

Section: Applied Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(52) Hazard surveillance offers many benefits that complement and expand on those provided by health surveillance. (9,13,14,53) Hazards of concern are usually known and easier to measure than illness and disease outcomes. Hazard events occur with higher frequency than disease events, providing greater power to detect them as well as greater opportunity for control efforts.…”

Section: Applied Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(7) ''Most compelling'' refers to its largely unrealized potential to prevent illness and injury; it is ''least investigated'' in that existing methods and systems for hazard surveillance are much less developed than those for work-related health outcomes. (7,9,28) More recently, NIOSH has included the development of exposure and hazard surveillance systems as one of its strategic goals for the year 2002. (46) In summary, although in principle industrial hygiene and public health surveillance overlap considerably, in practice they have evolved separately with very different emphases.…”

Section: Merging the Strengths Of Industrial Hygiene And Public Healtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(6)(7)(8)(9) Exposure surveillance is a subset of hazard surveillance, which in turn is a subset of public health surveillance. Traditionally, public health or epidemiologic surveillance has focused primarily on health outcomes, though it also includes hazard surveillance.…”

Section: Applied Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(22) The continuing calls for a national data bank also have raised awareness of the potential biases in the databases maintained by governmental agencies and the fact that they capture only a small fraction of all collected exposure data. (9,22,(28)(29)(30) Interest in improving the electronic accessibility and utilization of occupational exposure data has grown steadily since the late 1980s. (7,(31)(32)(33)(34) In 1994 the first conference devoted to occupational exposure databases reviewed progress to date in the area, published a comprehensive proceedings document, (1) and developed working groups to follow up on the issues raised and recommendations generated.…”

Section: History Of Exposure Database Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure Databases and Exposure Surveillance: Promise and Practice

LaMontagne

Herrick²,

Dyke³

et al. 2002

AIHA Journal

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Based on recent developments in occupational health and a review of industry practices, it is argued that integrated exposure database and surveillance systems hold considerable promise for improving workplace health and safety. A foundation from which to build practical and effective exposure surveillance systems is proposed based on the integration of recent developments in electronic exposure databases, the codification of exposure assessment practice, and the theory and practice of public health surveillance. The merging of parallel, but until now largely separate, efforts in these areas into exposure surveillance systems combines unique strengths from each subdiscipline. The promise of exposure database and surveillance systems, however, is yet to be realized. Exposure surveillance practices in general industry are reviewed based on the published literature as well as an Internet survey of three prominent industrial hygiene e-mail lists. Although the benefits of exposure surveillance are many, relatively few organizations use electronic exposure databases, and even fewer have active exposure surveillance systems. Implementation of exposure databases and surveillance systems can likely be improved by the development of systems that are more responsive to workplace or organizational-level needs. An overview of exposure database software packages provides guidance to readers considering the implementation of commercially available systems. Strategies for improving the implementation of exposure database and surveillance systems are outlined. A companion report in this issue on the development and pilot testing of a workplace-level exposure surveillance system concretely illustrates the application of the conceptual framework proposed.

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Section: Applied Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Applied Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Merging the Strengths Of Industrial Hygiene And Public Healtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applied Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Exposure Database Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure Databases and Exposure Surveillance: Promise and Practice

LaMontagne

Herrick²,

Dyke³

et al. 2002

AIHA Journal

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Working lifetime risk of occupational fatal injury

1997

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Occupational exposure to n-hexane in Italy—analysis of a registry of biological monitoring

Baldasseroni

Bavazzano²,

Donni³

et al. 2003

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Objective: This study assesses 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) in the urine of subjects exposed to n-hexane solvent between 1991 and 1998, from details obtained from the Registry of Biological Monitoring (BM) at the Florence Local Health Unit, and its development over time. Methods: The Registry contains 15,925 samples from 6,650 subjects occupationally exposed to n-hexane, especially in leather (9,099 samples; 3,607 subjects) and shoe (3,865 samples; 1,938 subjects) production. Results: Over the time span studied there was a total reduction of 31.9% in urinary 2,5-HD level. The yearly decrease over the entire period was 5.4%. Dividing the 8 years into three periods: before the introduction of the new legislation for health protection in the workplace (1991)(1992)(1993), during its transition (1994)(1995)(1996) and after its complete enforcement (1997)(1998), respectively, we observed a marked decrease in the last period. Women and young people (under 30 years) experienced significantly higher absorption levels (respectively, 7.1% and 24.4%). Conclusion: The data suggest that monitoring was more frequent in subjects with higher starting values, and the greatest decrease was reported in this group. Reduction may be due to less n-hexane in the products used, better structural conditions in the factories, and the effectiveness of inspections carried out by the authority for hygiene and safety in the workplace. The results confirm the usefulness of the reporting of risk levels of exposure to industrial toxicants by routine biological monitoring.

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Occupational Health and Safety Surveillance: Hazard Surveillance: Its Role in Primary Prevention of Occupational Disease and Injury

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Exposure Databases and Exposure Surveillance: Promise and Practice

Exposure Databases and Exposure Surveillance: Promise and Practice

Working lifetime risk of occupational fatal injury

Occupational exposure to n-hexane in Italy—analysis of a registry of biological monitoring

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