Occupational health policies and practices related to tuberculosis in health care workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Tudor, Carrie; Walt, Martie van der; Hill, Martinez; Farley, Jason E.

doi:10.5588/pha.12.0098

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Another study in Northern Ireland showed that TB prevalence among HCWs working in facilities with good implementation of infection control measures and individual protection was not higher than in the general population [30]. Regular screening of HCWs has also been shown to be effective for TB prevention [31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis among healthcare workers in Chinese tuberculosis facilities

Wang

Geng

et al. 2018

Infect Dis Poverty

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BackgroundChina is one of 22 countries with a high tuberculosis (TB) burden in the world. Healthcare workers (HCWs) have a high risk of contracting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection due to insufficient infection control practices. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the prevalence of TB and its associated risk factors among HCWs in Chinese TB facilities.MethodsTwo hundred and forty-one TB facilities employing a total of 9663 HCWs were selected from 12 provinces in China to represent healthcare settings at the provincial, prefectural, and county levels. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information on TB infection control practices and HCWs in those facilities. Data was double entered into EpiData 3.1; TB prevalence and associated risk factors were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 with bivariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsThe results showed that 71 HCWs had been diagnosed with TB, accounting for a prevalence of 760/100 000. The multivariate analysis showed that associated risk factors included belonging to the age group of 51 years and above (aOR: 6.17, 95% CI: 1.35–28.28), being a nurse (aOR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.15–8.32), implementation of 0–9 items of management measures (aOR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.37–4.80), and implementation of 0–1 items of ventilation measures (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.31–4.47).ConclusionThis was the first national large sampling survey on TB prevalence among HCWs in China. It was found that the implementation of TB infection control practices in some facilities was poor. The TB prevalence in HCWs was higher than that in the general population. Therefore, TB infection control practices in Chinese medical facilities should be strengthened.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0407-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis among healthcare workers in Chinese tuberculosis facilities

Wang

Geng

et al. 2018

Infect Dis Poverty

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“…23 Even among HIV-infected HCWs who are aware of their status, stigma poses a barrier to disclosure of HIV status to administrators and refusal of reassignment. 22 HIV-infected HCWs may be concerned that reassignment to lower-risk areas would raise suspicion about their HIV status among their colleagues. 22 Workplace interventions, such as the project upon which this study is based, may reduce stigma, improve HIV testing and disclosure, and facilitate reassignment of HIV-infected HCWs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 HIV-infected HCWs may be concerned that reassignment to lower-risk areas would raise suspicion about their HIV status among their colleagues. 22 Workplace interventions, such as the project upon which this study is based, may reduce stigma, improve HIV testing and disclosure, and facilitate reassignment of HIV-infected HCWs. 24,25 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High rates of exposure to tuberculosis patients among HIV-infected health care workers in Botswana

Shin

Modongo

Zetola

et al. 2018

int j tuberc lung dis

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Setting and Objective We compared daily exposure to tuberculosis (TB) patients between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected health care workers (HCWs), and examined uptake of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) among HIV-infected HCWs in Botswana. Design We conducted a cross-sectional study among HCWs in 30 hospitals and clinics. We determined self-reported exposure frequency to TB patients and HIV status through in-person interviews. HCWs with unknown or negative HIV status were offered rapid HIV tests. Multivariable Poisson regression modeling with robust variance was used to estimate the association between HIV status and daily exposure to TB patients. Results Of 1877 participants enrolled, 1388 (73.9%) with complete data were included in this study. Among 277 (20.0%) HIV-infected participants, 14.3% were newly diagnosed, 57.8% were on ART, and 34.3% reported previously receiving IPT. Daily exposure to TB patients was reported by 48.4% and 52.9% of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants, respectively. After adjusting for sex, age, occupation, and department, rates of daily TB exposure remained similar between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants (prevalence ratio=0.96; 95% confidence interval=0.85–1.08). Conclusions We found similar rates of exposure to TB patients between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected HCWs. Improved efforts are needed to reduce nosocomial exposure to TB among HIV-infected HCWs.

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“…However, technology alone does not change health policies and practices, including those of HCWs, at the same pace. 10 In summary, our findings suggest a potential benefit of Xpert for TB infection control in the hospital setting. However, implementation of infection control measures remains a priority for HCW protection.…”

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confidence: 96%

Tuberculosis Infection Control: Potential Benefit of a New Rapid Tuberculosis Test in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS Reference Hospital

Cordeiro-Santos

Trajman

Cobelens

et al. 2014

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Occupational health policies and practices related to tuberculosis in health care workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis among healthcare workers in Chinese tuberculosis facilities

Prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis among healthcare workers in Chinese tuberculosis facilities

High rates of exposure to tuberculosis patients among HIV-infected health care workers in Botswana

Tuberculosis Infection Control: Potential Benefit of a New Rapid Tuberculosis Test in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS Reference Hospital

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