Occupational Noise: Auditory and Non-Auditory Consequences

Sheppard, Adam; Ralli, Massimo; Gilardi, Antonio; Salvi, Richard

doi:10.3390/ijerph17238963

Cited by 59 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Rather, they are designed to protect a substantial portion of professional noise-induced hearing loss while maintaining a feasible cost–benefit ratio. There is also a growing awareness in the population that noise exposure, although mild, can contribute to a number of other auditory and non-auditory consequences, which may not be identified in hearing protection monitoring programs [ 28 ]. The development of audiological technology and the gradual availability of high-frequency audiometry could protect against hearing loss caused by noise, especially in younger people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Frequency Audiometry in Women with and without Exposure to Workplace Noise

Mrázková

Kovaľová

Čada

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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For this study, high-frequency audiometry was used to compare the hearing thresholds, with respect to age, among women exposed to noise in their working environment, as well as those not exposed to such noise. The cohort comprised 243 women (average age 36.2 years), of which 88 women were employed in a noisy (LAeq,8h 85–105 dB) workplace, while 155 women did not experience noise. Age categories were determined according to the World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland). Hearing thresholds were measured at frequencies of 0.125–16 kHz. Higher hearing thresholds were found in the youngest age groups (18–29 and 30–44 years) among those exposed to noise, as compared to those who were not. The difference in hearing thresholds between the exposed and unexposed groups increased with age, as well as with the frequencies. The highest difference in hearing thresholds for these age categories was measured at 11.25 kHz. The oldest age group (45–63 years) exposed to noise showed lower hearing thresholds than the unexposed group at all frequencies from 4 kHz to 16 kHz. High-frequency audiometry can be used for the early detection of increased hearing thresholds at high frequencies. High-frequency audiometry could be included in preventive programs, especially for younger people exposed to noise, in order to enable earlier detection of noise-induced hearing loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Frequency Audiometry in Women with and without Exposure to Workplace Noise

Mrázková

Kovaľová

Čada

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Previous studies on the biological effects of acute high level noise exposure mostly focused on the auditory damage, while the non-auditory effects were less studied. Studies have shown that stress response, cognitive and cardiovascular dysfunction are typical non-auditory effects of long-term exposure to occupational noise [ 5 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Do these effects exist in acute high level noise exposure?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute High Level Noise Exposure Can Cause Physiological Dysfunction in Macaque Monkeys: Insight on the Medical Protection for Special Working Environmental Personnel

et al. 2021

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The high level noise caused by intense acoustic weapons and blasting is a common source of acute acoustic trauma faced by some special environmental personnel. Studies have shown that high level noise can cause auditory and non-auditory effects. However, there are few reports on the biological effects, especially the non-auditory effects of acute high level noise exposure in simulated special working environments, and the great differences between experimental animals and human beings make it difficult to extrapolate from research conclusions. In this study, macaque monkeys were used to detect the effects of acute high level noise exposure on hearing, cognition, and cardiovascular function. Auditory brainstem response, auditory P300, and electrocardiogram (ECG) of macaque monkeys were measured. Results showed that acute high level noise exposure caused permanent hearing threshold shifts; partial hearing loss which couldn’t recover to normal levels in the detection period; pathological changes in T wave and QRS complexes; and large fluctuations in cognitive ability after exposure, which finally recovered to normal. These alterations may be a combination of effects caused by stress-induced neuroendocrine dysfunction and mechanical damage of auditory organs. To elaborate the exact mechanism, further studies are still needed. Meanwhile, positive measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of acute high level noise injury.

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“…These noise levels were above Table 1. Mean values and standard deviations of noise emission (dBA) in each parish of Lisbon for each reference period (diurnal, evening and nocturnal) the legally established limit (Decree-Law 146/2006), which define an exposure limit value of 65 dB for daytime noise and 55 dB for nocturnal noise, and the recent World Health Organization guidelines for environmental noise in the European region [36]. Although we did not find a correlation between the factors, these high noise levels observed throughout the day could lead to an increase in negative cardiovascular and metabolic health outcomes in the future [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Noise Exposure and Cardiometabolic Diseases: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon

Pereira

Brito

Oliveira

et al. 2021

Port J Public Health

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Introduction: Urban noise pollution has been associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, existing observational studies relating to noise exposure and metabolic syndrome are based on non-generalizable cohorts. Lisbon remains a noisy city where this association has not been evaluated, and for this reason, we studied the relationship between exposure to urban noise and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension. Methods: Diurnal, evening and nocturnal noise emission levels were obtained for each street in the city from the Lisbon noise map. After allocation of all roads to the respective parish of Lisbon, the noise emission for each parish was averaged for each day period. The number of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypertension in 2014, 2015 and 2016 in each parish of Lisbon was obtained from the Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley. Prevalence as a percentage of the population was determined using the number of residents in each parish determined in the 2011 population census. Spearman’s non-parametric correlation coefficient was used due to the non-normal distribution of the variables, at the 5% significance level (α = 0.05). Results: No correlations were found between daytime, afternoon or night-time noise exposure and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity or hypertension, although correlations were found between the cardiometabolic variables. Nevertheless, noise levels in Lisbon were above the legally established limit and the World Health Organization guidelines for environmental noise exposure in the European region. Conclusion: Our results do not agree with previous studies and should be faced as preliminary due to a strong biological plausibility for an association between noise exposure and cardiometabolic diseases and to encourage further studies, with longitudinal cohorts.

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Occupational Noise: Auditory and Non-Auditory Consequences

Cited by 59 publications

References 123 publications

High-Frequency Audiometry in Women with and without Exposure to Workplace Noise

High-Frequency Audiometry in Women with and without Exposure to Workplace Noise

Acute High Level Noise Exposure Can Cause Physiological Dysfunction in Macaque Monkeys: Insight on the Medical Protection for Special Working Environmental Personnel

Urban Noise Exposure and Cardiometabolic Diseases: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon

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