Occupational position and its relation to mental distress in a random sample of Danish residents

Rugulies, Reiner; Madsen, Ida E. H.; Nielsen, Maj Britt Dahl; Olsen, Leif; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Bech, Per

doi:10.1007/s00420-009-0492-8

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This trend corresponds to that of the general population, where national figures show increasing treatment prevalence during this period. [8] Further, the cohorts included only individuals responding to a survey, which may induce further health selection. National figures show that 8.1% of Danish women aged 15-65 were treated with antidepressants in 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Recently, a large US study estimated the 12-month prevalence of major depressive disorder to 3.2%, of which 26.5% had a chronic course (episode duration 2 years or more). [5,6] Correspondingly, the prevalence of depressive disorders varies considerably across occupations [7][8][9] and studies show that employees in paid care work (e.g. [5,6] Correspondingly, the prevalence of depressive disorders varies considerably across occupations [7][8][9] and studies show that employees in paid care work (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2] The etiology of depression involves an interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors, [3,4] and several studies have shown longitudinal associations between psychosocial work environment factors and depression. [5,6] Correspondingly, the prevalence of depressive disorders varies considerably across occupations [7][8][9] and studies show that employees in paid care work (e.g. child, health, and elderly care) have increased prevalence of antidepressant treatment [10] and hospitalization with depressive and anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paid Care Work and Depression: A Longitudinal Study of Antidepressant Treatment in Female Eldercare Workers Before and After Entering Their Profession

et al. 2012

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paid Care Work and Depression: A Longitudinal Study of Antidepressant Treatment in Female Eldercare Workers Before and After Entering Their Profession

et al. 2012

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“…Given these associations it is possible that burnout may be more likely to develop into a clinically significant mental health problem in the context of these adverse psychosocial conditions at work. Furthermore we examined sex, age, cohabitation and occupational position as potential effect-modifiers, as they are important non-work-related risk factors for mental health problems (Alonso et al, 2004;Simon, 2002;Rugulies et al, 2010b). We examined if these factors affected the risk of burnout progressing into a clinically significant mental health problem, by exploring whether the joint effects of burnout and these potential effect-modifiers on antidepressant treatment were more than additive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Burnout as a risk factor for antidepressant treatment – a repeated measures time-to-event analysis of 2936 Danish human service workers

Madsen

Lange

Borritz

et al. 2015

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Burnout is a state of emotional exhaustion, feelings of reduced personal accomplishment, and withdrawal from work thought to occur as a consequence of prolonged occupational stress. The condition is not included in the diagnostic classifications, but is considered likely to develop into depressive disorder in some cases. We examined the prospective association between burnout and antidepressant treatment, as an indicator of clinically significant mental disorder. We further investigated potential effect-modifiers of the association, to identify factors that may prevent this progression of burnout. We used questionnaire data from a three-wave study of Danish human service workers conducted during 1999-2005, linked with national register data on purchases of antidepressants (ATC: N06A). We included 4788 observations from 2936 individuals (81% women) and analysed data by Aalens additive hazards modeling, examining the risk of entering antidepressant treatment in relation to the level of work-related burnout measured by the Copenhagen Burnout inventory. As effect-modifiers we examined both sociodemographic factors and a range of psychosocial work environment factors. The level of burnout predicted antidepressant treatment. This association was modified by sex (p < 0.01). In men, high vs. intermediate burnout was associated with a 5% increased risk of antidepressant treatment per year of follow-up. This risk difference was 1% for women. Due to the sex specific patterns, we restricted effect modification analyses to women. We found no effect-modification by the examined work environment factors, though a sensitivity analysis indicated a possible stronger association in women of lower occupational position. In conclusion, burnout predicted antidepressant treatment, with a stronger association in men than women. We found no evidence of effect-modification by any of the examined psychosocial work environment factors.

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“…The literature suggests that this can partly be explained by low socioeconomic status [7,8], unhealthy lifestyle habits [9,10] and lack of access to health care with good quality [5,11]. Neither can the metabolic side effects of psychiatric medication in form of hyperglycemia and diabetes, weight gain, and lipid disturbances be excluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns in mortality among people with severe mental disorders across birth cohorts: a register-based study of Denmark and Finland in 1982–2006

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMortality among patients with mental disorders is higher than in general population. By using national longitudinal registers, we studied mortality changes and excess mortality across birth cohorts among people with severe mental disorders in Denmark and Finland.MethodsA cohort of all patients admitted with a psychiatric disorder in 1982–2006 was followed until death or 31 December 2006. Total mortality rates were calculated for five-year birth cohorts from 1918–1922 until 1983–1987 for people with mental disorder and compared to the mortality rates among the general population.ResultsMortality among patients with severe mental disorders declined, but patients with mental disorders had a higher mortality than general population in all birth cohorts in both countries. We observed two exceptions to the declining mortality differences. First, the excess mortality stagnated among Finnish men born in 1963–1987, and remained five to six times higher than at ages 15–24 years in general. Second, the excess mortality stagnated for Danish and Finnish women born in 1933–1957, and remained six-fold in Denmark and Finland at ages 45–49 years and seven-fold in Denmark at ages 40–44 years compared to general population.ConclusionsThe mortality gap between people with severe mental disorders and the general population decreased, but there was no improvement for young Finnish men with mental disorders. The Finnish recession in the early 1990s may have adversely affected mortality of adolescent and young adult men with mental disorders. Among women born 1933–1957, the lack of improvement may reflect adverse effects of the era of extensive hospitalisation of people with mental disorders in both countries.

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Occupational position and its relation to mental distress in a random sample of Danish residents

Abstract: Unskilled manual workers, the unemployed, and, to a lesser extent, the low-grade self-employed showed an increased level of mental distress. Activities to promote mental health in the Danish population should be directed toward these groups.

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Paid Care Work and Depression: A Longitudinal Study of Antidepressant Treatment in Female Eldercare Workers Before and After Entering Their Profession

Paid Care Work and Depression: A Longitudinal Study of Antidepressant Treatment in Female Eldercare Workers Before and After Entering Their Profession

Burnout as a risk factor for antidepressant treatment – a repeated measures time-to-event analysis of 2936 Danish human service workers

Patterns in mortality among people with severe mental disorders across birth cohorts: a register-based study of Denmark and Finland in 1982–2006

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