Occurency of  Giardia duodenalis  assemblages in river water sources of Black Sea, Turkey

Kolören, Zeynep; Seferoğlu, Onuralp; Karanis, Panagiotis

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.09.025

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[65–68]) and water samples (e.g. [69, 70]) from around the world. Samples from a human assigned here to assemblage B, subassemblage BIV, based on sequence data from gdh and SSU (KY658183 and KY658187, respectively), grouped with G. duodenalis genotypes reported from humans from Australia, Brazil, the Netherlands and USA [71–73], and wild and domestic animals (including NHP) [74–77], globally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation of protist parasites in human-habituated mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), humans and livestock, from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

et al. 2017

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BackgroundOver 60 % of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, and there is growing evidence of the zooanthroponotic transmission of diseases from humans to livestock and wildlife species, with major implications for public health, economics, and conservation. Zooanthroponoses are of relevance to critically endangered species; amongst these is the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) of Uganda. Here, we assess the occurrence of Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Giardia, and Entamoeba infecting mountain gorillas in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP), Uganda, using molecular methods. We also assess the occurrence of these parasites in humans and livestock species living in overlapping/adjacent geographical regions.ResultsDiagnostic PCR detected Cryptosporidium parvum in one sample from a mountain gorilla (IIdA23G2) and one from a goat (based on SSU). Cryptosporidium was not detected in humans or cattle. Cyclospora was not detected in any of the samples analysed. Giardia was identified in three human and two cattle samples, which were linked to assemblage A, B and E of G. duodenalis. Sequences defined as belonging to the genus Entamoeba were identified in all host groups. Of the 86 sequence types characterised, one, seven and two have been recorded previously to represent genotypes of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Entamoeba, respectively, from humans, other mammals, and water sources globally.ConclusionsThis study provides a snapshot of the occurrence and genetic make-up of selected protists in mammals in and around BINP. The genetic analyses indicated that 54.6% of the 203 samples analysed contained parasites that matched species, genotypes, or genetic assemblages found globally. Seventy-six new sequence records were identified here for the first time. As nothing is known about the zoonotic/zooanthroponotic potential of the corresponding parasites, future work should focus on wider epidemiological investigations together with continued surveillance of all parasites in humans, other mammals, the environment, and water in this highly impoverished area.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2283-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation of protist parasites in human-habituated mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), humans and livestock, from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

et al. 2017

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“…In the present study, IFT findings were positive for Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)cysts at 22% and 4%, respectively but IFT kits were expensive and required a fluorescence microscope. However, the cost may be justified by the high degree of sensitivity (99%) and specificity (100%) for Cryptosporidium and 96% to 100%, respectively, for Giardia (Adeyemo et al, 2018;Pacheco et al, 2013) Karanis et al, 2006;Karanis and Kimura, 2002;Koloren et al, 2016;Kourenti et al, 2003;Kourenti and Karanis, 2004;Ma et al, 2019;Tsushima et al, 2001;2003a;2003b). Low-volume water sampling for the detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is not routinely performed but a number of studies have already confirmed its benefits as reported in the PCR positivity of Cryptosporidium in 50 mL raw river water samples in China (Xiao et al, 2012), and a study in the Philippines that reported both MK and PCR confirmation and sequence identification of C. hominis directly from 50 mL samples (Masangkay et al, 2016;.…”

Section: Microscopy Panel and Low-volume Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waterborne protozoan pathogens in environmental aquatic biofilms: Implications for water quality assessment strategies

Masangkay

Milanez

Tsiami

et al. 2020

Environmental Pollution

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Biofilms containing pathogenic organisms from the water supply are a potential source of protozoan parasite outbreaks and a general public health concern. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the simultaneous and multi-spatial occurrence of waterborne protozoan pathogens (WBPP) in substrate-associated biofilms (SAB) and compare it to surface water (SW) and sediments with bottom water (BW) counterparts using manual filtration and elution from lowvolume samples. For scenario purposes, simulated environmental biofilm contamination was created from in-situ grown one-month-old SAB (OM-SAB) that were spiked with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Samples were collected from the largest freshwater reservoirs in Luzon, Philippines and a University Lake in Thailand. A total of 69 samples (23 SAB, 23 SW, and 23 BW) were evaluated using traditional staining techniques for Cryptosporidium, and immunofluorescence staining for the simultaneous detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia. In the present study, WBPP was found in 43% SAB, 39% SW, and 39% BW samples tested with SAB results reflecting SW and BW results. Further, the potential and advantages of using lowvolume sampling for the detection of parasite (oo)cysts in aquatic matrices were also demonstrated. Scanning electron microscopy of OM-SAB revealed a naturally-associated testate amoeba shell, while Cryptosporidium oocysts spiked samples provided a visual profile of what can be expected from naturally contaminated biofilms. This study provides the first evidence for the simultaneous and multi-spatial occurrence of waterborne protozoan pathogens in low-volume 3 environmental aquatic matrices and warrants SAB testing along with SW and BW matrices for improved water quality assessment strategies (iWQAS). Capsule Analysis of biofilms along with surface water and sediments in environmental aquatic systems leads to improved detection and isolation of waterborne protozoan pathogens.

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“…This parasite can be transmitted by contamination though oral-fecal route (2,3). Direct life cycle of G. duodenalis composed of 2 main stages: the infective cyst, resistant to environmental conditions, and the vegetative trophozoites, which live in the lumen of the small intestine and can cause a problem in infected individuals (4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Three Protocols of DNA Extraction for Detection of Giardia duodenalis in Human Fecal Specimens

Asgarian

Tavalla

Teimoori

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Nowadays a number of methods are used for the extraction of genomic DNA from fecal specimens. Identification and selection of an effective DNA extraction method is considered as one of the most important steps in molecular assays of Giardia duodenalis. Objectives: We compared the effects of 3 different DNA extraction techniques in PCR amplification of a specific area of SSU rRNA gene. Methods: A total of 20 fecal samples containing purified cysts were aliquoted in 3 sub-samples. DNA extraction was performed using the Phenol-Chloroform Isoamyl alcohol (PCI), QIAamp DNA stool mini kit, and YTA Stool DNA Isolation mini Kit. The quantity and purity of extracted DNA were compared. The potency of extracted DNA was tested. Results:The results showed that the most concentrated DNA was obtained from phenol/chloroform/Isoamyl alcohol method and the best purity based on comparing the ratio of A260/230 was obtained from QIAamp DNA stool mini kit. In this study the diagnostic sensitivity of QIAamp DNA stool mini kit, phenol/chloroform/Isoamyl alcohol, and YTA Stool DNA Isolation mini Kit methods was 60%, 70%, and 60%, respectively. Conclusions: The application of a proper DNA extraction method leads to obtaining reliable and reproducible results in molecular assays and supports treatment and control strategies of G. duodenalis. In this study, PCR amplification targeting a 350-bp fragment of SSUrRNA gene demonstrated phenol/chloroform/Isoamyl alcohol as the most efficient method.

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Occurency of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in river water sources of Black Sea, Turkey

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Molecular characterisation of protist parasites in human-habituated mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), humans and livestock, from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Molecular characterisation of protist parasites in human-habituated mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), humans and livestock, from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Waterborne protozoan pathogens in environmental aquatic biofilms: Implications for water quality assessment strategies

Evaluation of Three Protocols of DNA Extraction for Detection of Giardia duodenalis in Human Fecal Specimens

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