Occurrence and characteristics of microdebris in commercial fish species of Guyana, South America

Microplastics in the Amazon biome: State of the art and future priorities

“… Matrix Sampling method Processing Analysis Contamination control Mean MP concentration Reference Biota Coastal fish (3 spp.) Purchased from fisherman Necropsy Microscopy Cleaning of worksurfaces and instruments, use of vinyl gloves, cotton laboratory clothing, use of closed shoes – [ 53 ] River fish (16 spp.) – Necropsy FTIR spectroscopy Laminar flow, filtration of solutions, petri dishes to airborne contamination 2.09 MPs.individual −1 [ 77 ] River fish (11 spp.)…”

“…Fish have been collected by bottom trawls [ 17 , 49 ], hand nets [ 50 ], longlines and cast nets [ 51 ], or purchased from fishermen [ 52 , 53 ] or in local markets [ 54 , 55 ]. Invertebrates were collected manually by active searching [ 39 , 40 ].…”

“…Regarding the fauna of the Amazon continental shelf, Pegado et al [ 17 , 52 ] and Alfred et al [ 53 ], reported MPs in 14 fish species from the Amazon River estuary, three commercial fish species off the coast of Guyana, and in the longnose stingray ( Hypanus guttatus ) in the Gulf of Maranhão. MP occurred in 28% of the analized specimens and mean abundances varied from 1.2 (±5) to 2.4 (±1.7) particles.individual −1 .…”

Microplastics and its Impacts on Marine Environment and Biotic Communities – A Global Perspective

“…They were found in the gastrointestinal tract, gills and internal organs of diverse living organisms. It consist of plankton with accumulation of 164 particles/m 3 (Pazos et al, 2018), corals consist of 50 µg plastic cm -1 h-1 (Hall et al, 2015), marine fishes had 112 pieces of microplastics on an average (Alfred et al, 2022), mangrove fishes were found to have 0.79 to 1.00 particles (Naidoo et al, 2020), mussels had 1013 pieces due to its filter feeding nature (Burglund et al, 2019). Even reptiles had 81 pieces of microplastics in their gut (Mackenzie and Varvara., 2021).…”