Occurrence and characterization of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar 9,12:l,v:- strains from Bulgaria, Denmark, and the United States

Petrov, Peter K.; Hendriksen, René S.; Kantardjiev, Todor; Asseva, G.; Sørensen, Gitte; Mikoleit, Matthew; Whichard, Jean M.; McQuiston, J. R.; Torpdahl, Mia; Aarestrup, Frank Møller; Angulo, Frederick J.

doi:10.1007/s10096-008-0653-9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As a result, various molecular methods have been proposed as potential alternatives to serotyping for subdividing Salmonella (and other microbes) [15], [16], ranging from PFGE (Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis) [17], [18] through to MLVA (MultiLocus Variable number of tandem repeats Analysis) [19], [20]. These methods are possibly useful for recognizing a common source of microorganisms from a single outbreak [21], but they are inappropriate for reliable assignments of isolates to one of the 2,500 S. enterica serovars. Still other attempts have been made to develop DNA-sequence based equivalents of serotyping [22]–[26], including the detection of particular single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within flagellar antigens [13], [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Sequence Typing as a Replacement for Serotyping in Salmonella enterica

et al. 2012

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Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica is traditionally subdivided into serovars by serological and nutritional characteristics. We used Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) to assign 4,257 isolates from 554 serovars to 1092 sequence types (STs). The majority of the isolates and many STs were grouped into 138 genetically closely related clusters called eBurstGroups (eBGs). Many eBGs correspond to a serovar, for example most Typhimurium are in eBG1 and most Enteritidis are in eBG4, but many eBGs contained more than one serovar. Furthermore, most serovars were polyphyletic and are distributed across multiple unrelated eBGs. Thus, serovar designations confounded genetically unrelated isolates and failed to recognize natural evolutionary groupings. An inability of serotyping to correctly group isolates was most apparent for Paratyphi B and its variant Java. Most Paratyphi B were included within a sub-cluster of STs belonging to eBG5, which also encompasses a separate sub-cluster of Java STs. However, diphasic Java variants were also found in two other eBGs and monophasic Java variants were in four other eBGs or STs, one of which is in subspecies salamae and a second of which includes isolates assigned to Enteritidis, Dublin and monophasic Paratyphi B. Similarly, Choleraesuis was found in eBG6 and is closely related to Paratyphi C, which is in eBG20. However, Choleraesuis var. Decatur consists of isolates from seven other, unrelated eBGs or STs. The serological assignment of these Decatur isolates to Choleraesuis likely reflects lateral gene transfer of flagellar genes between unrelated bacteria plus purifying selection. By confounding multiple evolutionary groups, serotyping can be misleading about the disease potential of S. enterica . Unlike serotyping, MLST recognizes evolutionary groupings and we recommend that Salmonella classification by serotyping should be replaced by MLST or its equivalents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Sequence Typing as a Replacement for Serotyping in Salmonella enterica

et al. 2012

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“…Cattle faeces showed more diversity in serovars of Salmonella spp., than has been reported in other studies (Petrov et al . ; Schneider et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk of carriage of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in food animals in dynamic populations

Stipetić

Chang

Peters

et al. 2016

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes are foodborne pathogens of global importance. We assessed their risks and associated factors in a highly dynamic population of animals. Animal and environmental samples were collected from dairy cattle, sheep, camel and chickens at either the farms or the abattoirs. The pathogens were detected using a combination of bacterial enrichment culture and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data on putative risk factors were collect and analysed for their significance of association with these pathogens. Salmonella spp. were detected at higher proportions in sheep faeces and sheep carcasses in comparison to cattle faeces (odds ratio = 2.4 and 2.2, respectively). This pathogen was less common in milk or carcasses samples from cattle or chickens. Sheep and camel carcass samples were highly contaminated with Salmonella spp. Faecal samples from cattle had the most diverse serovars of Salmonella enterica including S. Newport, S. Haifa, S. Kedougou, S. Kentucky, S. Mbandaka and S. Goettingen. Exotic serovars in sheep included S. Eastbourne, S. Chester and S. Kottnus. Serovars that were shed in camel faeces included S. Newport, S. Bovismorbificans and S. Infantis. In all sampled populations, detection of Salmonella spp. was more likely during warmer months than cold months. Listeria monocytogenes was not common in the targeted populations and was detected at a rate of 2.4%, mainly from sheep carcasses. The study highlights the role of food animals as reservoirs of pathogens across boundaries since all feed are imported in that population from different parts of the world.

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“…We observed that the previously unsequenced serovar 9,12:l,v:Ϫ has the highest invasive index among all NTS serovars in Israel and is associated with multiple salmonellosis clusters (Table 1), which prompted us to further characterize this serovar on the genetic level. This monophasic serovar, which has recently emerged in Bulgaria, Denmark, and the United States (24), was thought to have evolved from a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Goettingen (9,12:l,v: e,n,z15) (25), and the two serovars share the multilocus sequence type (MLST) 20 (http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Senterica).…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Analysis of Salmonellosis in Israel Reveals Association of Salmonella enterica Serovar 9,12:l,v:− with Extraintestinal Infections, Dissemination of Endemic S. enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104 Biotypes, and Severe Underreporting of Outbreaks

et al. 2014

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f Salmonella enterica is the leading etiologic agent of bacterial food-borne outbreaks worldwide. This ubiquitous species contains more than 2,600 serovars that may differ in their host specificity, clinical manifestations, and epidemiology. To characterize salmonellosis epidemiology in Israel and to study the association of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars with invasive infections, 48,345 Salmonella cases reported and serotyped at the National Salmonella Reference Center between 1995 and 2012 were analyzed. A quasi-Poisson regression was used to identify irregular clusters of illness, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in conjunction with whole-genome sequencing was applied to molecularly characterize strains of interest. Three hundred twenty-nine human salmonellosis clusters were identified, representing an annual average of 23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 20 to 26) potential outbreaks. We show that the previously unsequenced S. enterica serovar 9,12:l,v:؊ belongs to the B clade of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica, and we show its frequent association with extraintestinal infections, compared to other NTS serovars. Furthermore, we identified the dissemination of two prevalent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 clones in Israel, which are genetically distinct from other global DT104 isolates. Accumulatively, these findings indicate a severe underreporting of Salmonella outbreaks in Israel and provide insights into the epidemiology and genomics of prevalent serovars, responsible for recurring illness.

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Occurrence and characterization of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar 9,12:l,v:- strains from Bulgaria, Denmark, and the United States

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Multilocus Sequence Typing as a Replacement for Serotyping in Salmonella enterica

Multilocus Sequence Typing as a Replacement for Serotyping in Salmonella enterica

The risk of carriage of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in food animals in dynamic populations

Integrative Analysis of Salmonellosis in Israel Reveals Association of Salmonella enterica Serovar 9,12:l,v:− with Extraintestinal Infections, Dissemination of Endemic S. enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104 Biotypes, and Severe Underreporting of Outbreaks

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