Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in surface water and sediment of Buffalo and Sundays River estuaries, South Africa and their ecological risk assessment

Ohoro, Chinemerem Ruth; Adeniji, Abiodun Olagoke; Semerjian, Lucy; Okoh, Omobola O.; Okoh, Anthony I.

doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2021.09.002

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The previous detections of pharmaceuticals in South African oceans and seafood such as those in Durban and Cape Town , demand a countrywide screening of these chemicals in the coastal and marine environment. In recent years, several pharmaceuticals were detected in water and sediments from the Buffalo River near the Indian Ocean, , which prompted an investigation into the occurrence of these chemicals in the estuary of this river and the nearby seawater. Results of the present investigation are listed in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recreational activities could contribute to the number of pharmaceuticals found in Quenera and Gonubie rivers. On the other side, the Buffalo River is already known for its contamination with chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other organics. , The contamination of this river could be linked to various sources and activities as the Buffalo River flows through King William’s Town, Mdantsane Township, and other various communities. In addition, several WWTPs, with most of them not efficiently operational, discharge their effluent into the Buffalo River .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occurrence of Selected Pharmaceuticals in the East London Coastline Encompassing Major Rivers, Estuaries, and Seawater in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Netshithothole,

Madikizela

2024

ACS Meas. Sci. Au

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the occurrence of ibuprofen, naproxen, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and efavirenz in water resources (river, estuarine, and sea waters) of the East London coastline, South Africa. These pharmaceuticals were previously reported to be dominant in wastewater and inland rivers of South Africa. Hence, it is important to monitor their occurrence in the coastal and marine environment. The pharmaceuticals of interest were extracted with a solid-phase extraction method and analyzed by using a liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry instrument. The analytical method was validated by spiking the environmental samples with a mixture of pharmaceuticals at two concentration levels (5 and 15 μg L −1 ). The analytical method yielded acceptable recoveries ranging from 75 to 107%, with method quantitation limits from 0.16 to 9.44 ng of L −1 . All five targeted pharmaceuticals were detected in seawater samples, with ibuprofen recording the highest concentration of 90 ng L −1 . However, it was efavirenz and sulfamethoxazole with the highest concentrations of 572 and 60 ng L −1 , respectively, in the Gonubie River that showed high ecotoxicological risks toward the aquatic organisms. There were no risks associated with the occurrence of other targeted pharmaceuticals. The suspect screening showed the occurrence of 57 additional pharmaceuticals in samples, with antibiotics being more dominant. The results of the present study demonstrate a need to perform a more robust investigation on the occurrence of a wide range of pharmaceuticals along the South African coasts.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Selected Pharmaceuticals in the East London Coastline Encompassing Major Rivers, Estuaries, and Seawater in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Netshithothole,

Madikizela

2024

ACS Meas. Sci. Au

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the emergence of resistant genes in both the ecological population and humans have been linked to exposure to antibiotic residues [41]. Studies by Agunbiade and Moodley [42] and Khulu et al [43] verified the presence of sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and erythromycin in both wastewater as well as surface water. Faleye et al [37] further examined the concentration of antibiotics in wastewater and surface water, where the presence of ethionamide (90-0.1 ng/L), metronidazole (24,000-18 ng/L), trimethoprim (6200-2.4 ng/L), erythromycin (290-0.01 ng/L), norfloxacin (40-2.6 ng/L), ofloxacin (730-21.7 ng/L), ciprofloxacin 15,000-478.4 ng/L), albendazole (170,000-555.4 ng/L), sulfamethoxazole (13,000-3.3 ng/L), roxithromycin (2000-1.7 ng/L), azithromycin (40-0.4 ng/L), clarithromycin (4500-3.9 ng/L), and clindamycin (60-0.1 ng/L) was reported both in influent and effluent samples.…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Wastewater and Receiving Water Bodies of South Africa: A Review of Sources, Pathways, Occurrence, Effects, and Geographical Distribution

Munzhelele,

Mudzielwana,

Ayinde

et al. 2024

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The focus of this review article was to outline the sources, pathways, effects, occurrence, and spatial distribution of the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in wastewater and receiving waters of South Africa. Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to gather data from different regions. A zone-wise classification method was used to determine the spatial distribution and data deficiencies in different regions of South Africa. This review revealed that over 100 pharmaceutical compounds have been reported in South Africa’s various water sources and wastewater, with most studies and highest concentrations being documented in Gauteng and Kwa-Zulu Natal. The pharmaceutical concentration in water samples ranged from ng/L to µg/L. Aspirin, ketoprofen, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, erythromycin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, acetaminophen, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, carbamazepine, atenolol, pindolol, efavirenz, and zidovudine residues were among the frequently detected pharmaceutical residues in water bodies and wastewaters of South Africa. Based on the spatial distribution data, Gauteng has the highest number of pharmaceuticals (108) detected in waste and surface water, with the Northern Cape having no monitoring evidence. Therefore, to precisely ascertain the geographical distribution of pharmaceutical contaminants in South Africa, this review recommends that further research be carried out to track their occurrence in aquatic environments and WWTP, especially in isolated regions like Limpopo.

show abstract

“…This comprises wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and influents, sludge and surface water (rivers, streams, lakes, estuaries and ocean). [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Moreover, the most pristine environments on Earththe polar regionsare now discovered to contain pharmaceutical pollutants. [20][21][22] Among various pharmaceuticals, ketoprofen is the most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used across the world to treat ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatic arthritis, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past three decades, pharmaceutical residues have been found in almost all environmental matrices. This comprises wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and influents, sludge and surface water (rivers, streams, lakes, estuaries and ocean) 11‐19 . Moreover, the most pristine environments on Earth – the polar regions – are now discovered to contain pharmaceutical pollutants 20‐22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of ketoprofen from surface water in a submerged photocatalytic membrane reactor utilizing membrane distillation: effect of process parameters and evaluation of long‐term performance

Mozia

Rajakumaran

Szymański

et al. 2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND The increasing presence of contaminants of emerging concern, including pharmaceuticals, in the environment creates an urgent need for development of efficient technologies of water treatment. A promising solution could be the application of hybrid systems combining advanced oxidation processes and membrane technology. The presented investigations were focused on the treatment of simulated surface water contaminated with ketoprofen in a submerged photocatalytic membrane reactor utilizing direct contact membrane distillation (SPMR‐DCMD). The influence of operational parameters such as TiO2 photocatalyst concentration, feed temperature and aeration rate was examined. Moreover, the long‐term performance of the polypropylene membrane in the SPMR‐DCMD was evaluated. RESULTS It was proved that the increase in feed temperature not only improved the permeate flux but also enhanced the degradation efficiency, despite a simultaneous decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration. Aeration of feed did not improve the photodegradation rate, but enhanced the product quality, especially with reference to removal of CO2, thus reducing the aggressive properties of water. The presence of TiO2 was proved to enhance the permeate flux. During 200 h of SPMR‐DCMD operation the conductivity of the distillate did not exceed 3 μS cm−1 (vs. 0.1–0.5 mS cm−1 in feed), showing a high quality of the product. CONCLUSION The obtained results revealed a significant advantage of SPMR‐DCMD over the systems utilizing pressure‐driven membrane processes. Permeate quality was very high and no negative effect of the fouling layer on system performance was found. Moreover, the applied membrane exhibited very good stability during long‐term operation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

show abstract

Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in surface water and sediment of Buffalo and Sundays River estuaries, South Africa and their ecological risk assessment

Cited by 20 publications

References 59 publications

Occurrence of Selected Pharmaceuticals in the East London Coastline Encompassing Major Rivers, Estuaries, and Seawater in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Occurrence of Selected Pharmaceuticals in the East London Coastline Encompassing Major Rivers, Estuaries, and Seawater in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Wastewater and Receiving Water Bodies of South Africa: A Review of Sources, Pathways, Occurrence, Effects, and Geographical Distribution

Removal of ketoprofen from surface water in a submerged photocatalytic membrane reactor utilizing membrane distillation: effect of process parameters and evaluation of long‐term performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About