Occurrence and distribution of Vibrio spp., Listonella spp., and Clostridium botulinum in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan

Abstract

The distribution of Vibrio species in samples of surface water, bottom water (water 2 m above the sediment), and sediment from the Seto Inland Sea was studied. A simple technique using a membrane filter and short preenrichment in alkaline peptone water was developed to resuscitate the injured cells, followed by plating them onto TCBS agar. In addition, a survey was conducted to determine the incidence of Clostridium botulinum in sediment samples. Large populations of heterotrophs were found in surface water, whereas large numbers of total vibrios were found in bottom water. In samples from various water sampling regions, high counts of all bacterial populations were found in the inner regions having little exchange of seawater when compared with those of the open region of the inland sea. In the identification of 463 isolates, 23 Vibrio spp. and 2 Listonella spp. were observed. V. harveyi was prevalent among the members of the Vibrio genus. Vibrio species were categorized into six groups; an estimated 20% of these species were in the so-called "pathogenic to humans" group. In addition, a significant proportion of this group was hemolytic and found in the Bisan Seto region. V. vulnificus, V. fluvialis, and V. cholerae non-O1 predominated in the constricted area of the inland sea, which is eutrophic as a result of riverine influence. It was concluded that salinity indirectly governs the distribution of total vibrios and analysis of variance revealed that all bacterial populations were distributed homogeneously and the variance values were found to be significant in some water sampling regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Distribution, genetic richness and phage sensitivity of Vibrio spp. from coastal British Columbia

“…In the few water-column profiles that exist for Vibrio spp. below c. 2 m there were only 0.1-2 cfu ml -1 down to 180 m (Kaneko and Colwell, 1974;Venkateswaran et al, 1989a).…”

First record of Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 from diseased European eel, Anguilla anguilla L.

“…The methodology was performed according to Lee & Donovan (1985), Baumann, Furniss & Lee (1984), Smibert & Krieg (1981), West & Colwell (1984) and Baumann & Baumann (1981). A large screening of sole carbon sources was performed in order to differentiate between V. vulnificus and the non-luminescent strains of V. harveyi (Baumann et al 1984), one of the Vibrio species commonly isolated from warm seawaters (Shilo & Yetinson 1979;Venkateswaran, Nakano, Okabe, Takayama, Matsuda & Hashimoto 1989). All isolates from the examined diseased eels exhibited the same morphological and biochemical characteristics and were identified as V. vulnificus biotype II, according to Tison et al (1982) (Table 1).…”

The role of sinking particles in the overwintering process of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in a marine environment

“…Sediment sample preparation and the methodology in collection, homogenization, and identification of plankton samples were already detailed [6,17]. Total viable counts (TVC) were determined by three-tube most-probable-number (MPN) pro-cedur¢ using Kurc Bay yeast extract broth (0.1% peptone and 0.1% yeast extract in 50% seawater collected in Kur¢ Bay, Scto Inland Sea, Japan, pH 7).…”

“…Total viable counts (TVC) were determined by three-tube most-probable-number (MPN) pro-cedur¢ using Kurc Bay yeast extract broth (0.1% peptone and 0.1% yeast extract in 50% seawater collected in Kur¢ Bay, Scto Inland Sea, Japan, pH 7). The standard three-tube MPN system combining lactose broth, brilliant green lactose bile broth, and Escherichia coli broth (Eiken, Japan) was followed for the enumeration of total coliforms (TC) and fecal coliforms (FC) as described elsewhere [17]. For the enumeration tff enterococci the MPN method described by Horie et al [18] was foUowed.…”