Occurrence and Diversity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in Vegetable Brassica Fields in Nepal

Jensen, Birgit; Vicente, Joana G.; Manandhar, Hira Kaji; Roberts, S. J.

doi:10.1094/pdis-94-3-0298

Cited by 55 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Race-typing revealed that only two races (1 and 4) predominate the East African population. Previous studies demonstrated Race 1 to be the most common in the United Kingdom (Vicente et al, 2001) and race 4 the most common in Nepal (Jensen et al, 2010) and Portugal (Vicente et al, 2001). The predominance of races 1 and 4 can be attributed to wide cultivation of B. oleracea cultivars that are susceptible to these races.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Race-typing was carried out using a standard set of eight Brassica differential genotypes recommended by previous studies (Vicente et al, 2001;Jensen et al, 2010 Vicente et al (2001) were used.…”

Section: Determination Of Race Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deployment of host resistance remains the most effective strategy. However, this strategy is complicated by the high variability of Xcc strains as reported in many studies (Kamoun et al, 1992;Vicente et al, 2001;Fargier and Manceau, 2007;Jensen et al, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include the extragenic palindromic (REP) sequences, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) sequences, and BOX elements and are 5 collectively referred to as repetitive PCR (rep-PCR) (Versalovic et al, 1991;Versalovic et al, 1994). The approach has been used in previous surveys of diversity within and between bacterial species (Vicente et al, 2006;Vicente and Roberts, 2007;Jensen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of isolates that cause black rot of crucifers in East Africa

et al. 2011

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and Wirosa F1. Sixty of the 250 isolates were race-typed using a differential set Brassica spp. Only two races, 1 (Kenya and Tanzania) and 4 (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda) were observed however, another race (5) was observed from one isolate recovered from a B. rapa sample obtained from Tanzania in 2003. Genomic fingerprinting with repetitive-PCR revealed clusters that did not depict significant correlations between isolates and geographical location, isolates and host adaptation or isolates and race. However, it did demonstrate existence of genetic differences within the East African X. campestris pv. campestris population indicating that it is not a similar clonal population of the same genetic background.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Race Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of isolates that cause black rot of crucifers in East Africa

et al. 2011

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“…Only some bacterial diseases such as bacterial blight of rice (Adhikari and Mew, 1988;Adhikari and Shrestha, 1989;Adhikari et al, 1996Adhikari et al, , 1999a, black rot of Brassica (Adhikari and Basnyat, 1999;Jensen et al, 2010;Shakya et al, 2000;Shrestha, 1997;Shrestha and Mathur, 1977), and bacterial wilt of potato (Pradhanang et al, 1993(Pradhanang et al, , 2000Pradhanang and Elphinstone, 1996;Shrestha, 1977;Shrestha et al, 1977), have been an important focus of study by many authors who provided detailed information on the disease severity, yield loss, spread, and the diversity of the bacterial pathogens. Either no or limited attention has been paid to other bacterial pathogens, in particular the bacterial pathogens of those vegetable crops which represent important cash crops for the livelihood of Nepalese farmers (Burlakoti and Khatri-Chhetri, 2004;Subedi and KhattriChettri, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Bacterial Diseases of the Most Important Agricultural Crops in Nepal

Lamichhane¹,

Balestra²,

Mazzaglia³

et al. 2011

Acta Hortic.

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Several surveys were carried out during three consecutive years (2007-2009) on the major crops cultivated in different districts of Nepal, in order to verify the possible presence of diseases caused by bacteria. The monitoring was carried out twice a year, in spring and autumn. During the survey we observed a wide range of bacterial diseases of plants. Most of the diseases were observed for the first time while others had been reported previously. Among the bacterial diseases observed for the first time, the most important were olive knot, bacterial speck of tomato, crown gall of plum, soft rot of potato, bacterial spot of tomato, and bacterial spot of cucurbits. Outbreaks of black rot were observed in different Brassica fields. Among the other widespread diseases, the most important were bacterial leaf blight of rice, citrus canker, citrus greening, bacterial wilt of tomato, potato, pepper, and eggplant, halo blight of bean, and bacterial pustule and bacterial blight of soybean. Attempts to explore the source of introduction of these pathogens, their spread, and yield losses caused were made together with recommendations for control measures. INTRODUCTIONAgriculture in Nepal has long been based on subsistence farming, particularly in the hilly regions where peasants derive their living from fragmented plots of land cultivated in difficult conditions. Only 30% of the total land in Nepal is cultivated since the major part of the land is occupied by mountains and hills. For this reason, almost all the harvested crops are aimed at family use and farmers only export some surplus which is the main source of their income (Schroeder, 1985). The main cultivated plants are represented by rice, 1.5 million ha, followed by wheat and maize, which together take up a similar portion of the cultivated land, and thirdly by cash crops (sugarcane, oilseed, tobacco, and vegetables) that are very important for Nepalese farmers because of the good economic returns.Agricultural crops are threatened by a wide variety of pathogens and pests all over the world. Several studies have been made in developed countries to find out the relationship between the presence of the plant pathogens and the potential yield losses caused by them. Nevertheless, very little is known about the plant diseases and yield losses in Nepal, in particular, those caused by the bacterial pathogens, since very few studies have been carried out until recently. Moreover, comparison of the average yield of plant crops with other developed and developing countries shows a big gap between potential yield and actual yield of Nepalese farmers (FAO, 2008). This low productivity is associated with a number of reasons. Among them, plant diseases are the most important factors.Our aim was to carry out a wide survey to verify whether there are new plant diseases, and to provide complete information on their control using effective measures, on the most important agricultural plants cultivated in Nepal. Our study focused mainly on the vegetable crops since these are co...

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The Importance of Genetic and Epigenetic Research in the Brassica Vegetables in the Face of Climate Change

Miyaji

Osabe

et al. 2020

Genomic Designing of Climate-Smart Vegetable Crops

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Occurrence and Diversity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in Vegetable Brassica Fields in Nepal

Cited by 55 publications

References 33 publications

Characterization of isolates that cause black rot of crucifers in East Africa

Characterization of isolates that cause black rot of crucifers in East Africa

An Overview on Bacterial Diseases of the Most Important Agricultural Crops in Nepal

The Importance of Genetic and Epigenetic Research in the Brassica Vegetables in the Face of Climate Change

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