2020
DOI: 10.1002/etc.4929
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Occurrence and Fate of Bisphenol A and its Congeners in Two Wastewater Treatment Plants and Receiving Surface Waters in Romania

Abstract: The present study investigated the distribution and environmental fate of Bisphenol A (BPA), the 4‐hydroxyacetophenone (4‐HAP) metabolite, and 5 other bisphenol congeners in 2 municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and their receiving rivers in Romania. Accordingly, a new, highly sensitive and accurate solid‐phase extraction–liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated. This technique generated low limit of quantitation values: below 2.3 ng/L … Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(19 citation statements)
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References 51 publications
(85 reference statements)
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“…Additionally, for a large population (225900-9485000), our results were better than those from China (6.78 mg/day/1000 people)(Ma et al, 2018) and France (180 mg/day/1000 people)(Gasperi et al, 2014). The BPA results were greater than the results reported in Romania (3157 mg/day/1000 people)(Chiriac et al, 2020), but lower than the ones reported in China (1950000 mg/day/1000 people)(Sun et al, 2017). Mass load and emission (mean, median, range) of the target BPA, BuP, and DEP in wastewater samplesBased on the concentrations of the target compounds in the nal e uent, the daily wastewater ow rate, and the population served by the WWTP, the environmental emissions of the target compounds were determined.…”
contrasting
confidence: 71%
“…Additionally, for a large population (225900-9485000), our results were better than those from China (6.78 mg/day/1000 people)(Ma et al, 2018) and France (180 mg/day/1000 people)(Gasperi et al, 2014). The BPA results were greater than the results reported in Romania (3157 mg/day/1000 people)(Chiriac et al, 2020), but lower than the ones reported in China (1950000 mg/day/1000 people)(Sun et al, 2017). Mass load and emission (mean, median, range) of the target BPA, BuP, and DEP in wastewater samplesBased on the concentrations of the target compounds in the nal e uent, the daily wastewater ow rate, and the population served by the WWTP, the environmental emissions of the target compounds were determined.…”
contrasting
confidence: 71%
“…Occurrence of bisphenols in the environment. in the e uent water, where BPA ranged from 6.32 to 73.6 ng/L, while BPS was below the limit of quanti cation, and BPE was not detected(Chiriac et al, 2021). Similar concentrations of bisphenols were detected in in uent wastewater in Slovenia (6.66-16.4 ng/L)(Česen et al, 2018).…”
mentioning
confidence: 88%
“…River samples generally contain lower concentrations of bisphenols than in uent wastewater, with the exception of a river in China near a chemical industrial zone (mean BPA, 415 ng/L)(Lan et al, 2019) and in a river in Spain (bisphenols up to 817 ng/L) (Bolívar-Subirats et al, 2021). Samples from different rivers have been reported to contain individual bisphenols at maximum concentrations from 6.15 to 245.69 ng/L(Chiriac et al, 2021;Lan et al, 2019). In Canada, BPA has been reported for surface waters near WWTPs at up to 1000 ng/L, while in harbour waters, BPA levels were two orders of magnitude lower (up to 10 ng/L)(Muir et al, 2017).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the presence of bisphenol A in the environment and food products has been clearly confirmed, and it is estimated that the production of plastics leads to the emission of over 100 tons of BPA in the environment each year, Corrales et al (2015). In recent years, BPA monitoring has focused in particular on its determination in various environmental samples such as drinking water, surface water, wastewater, sediments and sewage sludge, Chiriac et al (2021), Česen et al (2018), Wee et al (2019), Xue & Kannan (2019), Zhao et al (2019). Food is considered to be the most important source of the exposure of general population to BPA.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%