Occurrence and fate of perfluoroalkyl substances in marine sediments from the Chinese Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea

Abstract

a b s t r a c tIn this study, 166 surface sediments and 3 sediment cores from the Bohai Sea (BS), Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS) in China were collected to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions and the transport of PFASs. PFASs concentrations in the surface sediments ranged from below detection limit (<LOD) to 2.78 ng g À1 with an average value of 0.55 ng g À1 on a dry weight basis (dw). A general decreasing trend of PFASs from the coast areas to the open sea was found. Multivariate regression analysis indicated pH and longitude were the major factors influencing surficial distributions of PFASs in the sampling areas (R 2 ¼ 0.29, p < 0.01). Total PFASs concentrations in the sediment cores ranged from <LOD to 1.65 ng g À1 dw, with an increasing trend from the lower to the upper layers, corresponding well to the increasing production and usage in China in recent years.

Spatial distribution and fate of perfluoroalkyl substances in sediments from the Pearl River Estuary, South China

“…Comparing to the PFAS concentrations in sediments in PRE with our previous study in the Chinese Bohai Sea (BS), Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS) (Gao et al, 2014), the mean PFOS concentrations were ranked as PRE > ECS > YS > BS, in accordance with the results of Xie et al indicating that the PRD region was one of the regions with the highest PFOS emission density. For PFBS and PFHxS, concentrations in PRE were apparently higher than in the other three sea regions.…”

“…4) (Bao et al, 2009(Bao et al, , 2010Chen et al, 2011;Gómez et al, 2011;Gao et al, 2014;Kumar et al, 2008;Li et al, 2011Li et al, , 2010Naile et al, 2013;Nakata et al, 2006;Senthilkumar et al, 2007;Theobald et al, 2012;Thompson et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2014), PFOS and PFOA concentrations in the sediments from PRE were at the median level compared to results obtained worldwide. However, the concentrations of PFBS and PFHxS in PRE were at a relatively high level.…”

“…The sample pretreatment and instrumental analysis was based on our previous work (Gao et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2010). Sample (5 g) was added into a 50-mL polypropylene tube and spiked with 5 ng of 13 C 4 PFOS and 13 C 4 PFOA.…”

Identification of Novel Polyfluorinated Ether Sulfonates as PFOS Alternatives in Municipal Sewage Sludge in China

“…The finding was further supported by the reported uniform PFSA composition profiles in coastal rivers and marine sediments from Chinese territorial sea. 33 PFAES Distribution. The concentrations of 6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFAES in the sludge samples were quantified using the laboratory-purified standards.…”

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the lower atmosphere and surface waters of the Chinese Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and Yangtze River estuary

“…. Gao et al (2014) investigated PFASs in marine sediments in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas, and observed a general decreasing trend from the coast to the open sea. Thus far, there has been a lack of studies focusing on PFAS pollution in the air and water covering the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and Yangtze River estuary.…”