Occurrence and Genetic Characterization of Grapevine Pinot Gris Virus in Russia

Abstract

Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) is a widespread grapevine pathogen associated with symptoms of leaf mottling and deformation. In order to study the distribution and genetic diversity of GPGV in Russia, we tested 1347 grapevine samples from 3 regions of Russia–the Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai, and Republic of Crimea—using duplex real-time RT-PCR. GPGV was detected in 993 grapevines, both symptomatic and asymptomatic. In 119 isolates, we sequenced complete movement protein (MP) and coat protein (CP) genes of the GPGV genome. The percentage of identity of the obtained nucleotide MP/CP sequences with the closest isolates from the GenBank was 97.75–99.56%. A phylogenetic analysis showed that these Russian GPGV isolates are mainly grouped with previously described representative asymptomatic isolates. New post-translational modifications of the MP and CP at the positions of polymorphisms in the genomes of Russian isolates were predicted. The present work is the first study on the distribution and genetic diversity of GPGV in Russia.

Virome of Grapevine Germplasm from the Anapa Ampelographic Collection (Russia)

“…Validation of 47 libraries confirmed the presence of 20 viruses and 3 viroids in the analyzed samples (Figure 1). The most common (found in more than 50% of libraries) were GRSPaV, GPGV, GFkV, GSyV-1, as well as HSVd and GYSVd-1 viroids, which confirms our previous observations on the wide distribution of these pathogens in Russia [34,35,49]. Not a single virus-free plant was found.…”

“…GPGV is a member of the genus Trichovirus; it is found in most viticultural regions of the world [72]. GPGV has previously been found by us in the vineyards of the Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai, and the Republic of Crimea [35,49]. GPGV has also been found to be widely distributed in the germplasm collections of Romania, Ukraine, Bosnia, Montenegro, Serbia, Croatia, Macedonia, Portugal, Spain, Czech Republic, France, Greece, Brazil, and Italy [60,62,64,[73][74][75].…”

“…HSVd and GYSVd-1 were validated by RT-qPCR using TaqMan ® probes (Supplementary Table S8). The main PCR parameters (efficiency, slope, R 2 and Y-intercept) were determined in a simplex reaction according to the method described by us earlier [49]. RT-qPCR was performed in the BioMaster HS-qPCR reaction mixture (Biolabmix, Novosibirsk, Russia) supplemented with 150 nM each primer, 200 nM probe, and 1 µg of cDNA in triple technical replicates.…”

“…Grapevine infection with GPGV has previously been found to correlate with the presence of grapevine leaf mottle and deformation disease (GLMD), although many studies have found asymptomatic infection with this virus [25,49,76,77]. It has been shown that a significant role in the manifestation of GLMD symptoms is played by the 3' region of the MP gene [78], as well as by the synthesis of a shortened (by 6 amino acids) version of the MP protein due to the appearance of an early stop codon as a result of the T/C polymorphism at position 6685 [77].…”

Metagenomic Analysis of Ampelographic Collections of Dagestan Revealed the Presence of Two Novel Grapevine Viruses

“…The sequences of primers and probes are listed in Supplementary Table S5. To determine the main PCR parameters in the simplex reaction (efficiency, slope, R 2 and Y-intercept), the previously described method was used [42]. Three technical replicates were made for each sample.…”