Occurrence and nature of thermolabile compounds in the Boom Clay kerogen (Oligocene, underground Mol Laboratory, Belgium)

Deniau, I.; Derenne, Sylvie; Beaucaire, Catherine; Pitsch, H.; Largeau, Claude

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2003.10.010

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…ref. [14,24] and in solvent extracted and demineralised soil [25]. The distribution observed for the n-alkanes trapped in the non-hydrolysable material of the forest soil indicates they mostly originate from higher plant lipids that underwent some biodegradation.…”

Section: First Shotmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1a) shows three intense peaks for levoglucosenone (1), 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (4) and levoglucosan (14), various phenolic compounds, series of n-alkanes and n-alk-1-enes, isoprenoid hydrocarbons, and series of ketones and fatty acids.…”

Section: First Shotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technique allows the sequential examination of the products released by thermal desorption and by thermal cracking from the same sample. Moreover, contrary to the ''off-line'' method commonly used in some previous sequential pyrolytic studies, like works on fossil organic matter [12][13][14][15], this is achieved through ''on-line'' analysis. In the former method the products, generated by two successive heating at ''low'' and ''high'' temperature, are recovered in cold traps before being analysed by GC/MS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Double-shot pyrolysis of the non-hydrolysable organic fraction isolated from a sandy forest soil (Landes de Gascogne, South-West France)

Quénéa

Derenne

González-Vila

et al. 2006

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Section: First Shotmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: First Shotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Double-shot pyrolysis of the non-hydrolysable organic fraction isolated from a sandy forest soil (Landes de Gascogne, South-West France)

Quénéa

Derenne

González-Vila

et al. 2006

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…The organic geochemistry of the Belgian Boom Clay was studied by Deniau et al (2001Deniau et al ( , 2004Deniau et al ( , 2005 for a sample from the underground laboratory in Mol. They focused on the kerogen, i.e.…”

Section: Organic Matter Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mineralogy of suspended matter, fresh and Cenozoic sediments in the fluvio-deltaic Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt–Ems area, the Netherlands: An overview and review

Griffioen

Klaver

Westerhoff

2016

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Minerals are the building blocks of clastic sediments and play an important role with respect to the physico-chemical properties of the sediment and the lithostratigraphy of sediments. This paper aims to provide an overview of the mineralogy (including solid organic matter) of sediments as well as suspended matter as found in the Netherlands (and some parts of Belgium). The work is based on a review of the scientific literature published over more than 100 years. Cenozoic sediments are addressed together with suspended matter and recent sediments of the surface water systems because they form a geoscientific continuum from material subject to transport via recently settled to aged material. Most attention is paid to heavy minerals, clay minerals, feldspars, Ca carbonates, reactive Fe minerals (oxides, siderite, sulphides, glauconite) and solid organic matter because they represent the dominant minerals and their properties form a main issue in subsurface and water management. When possible and relevant, the amounts, provenance, relationship with grain size distribution, early diagenesis and palaeohydrological evolution are described. Tables with statistical data about the mineral contents and isotopic composition of carbonates and organic matter are presented as overviews. The review on the mineralogy of Dutch fluvial and marine environments is more extensive than that for the other sedimentary environments because the first two have been studied much more intensively than the others and they also form the larger part of the Dutch deposits. The focus is on the natural background mineralogy of Dutch sediments, but this is hard for recent sediments, largely because the massive hydraulic infrastructure present in the Netherlands has probably also affected the mineralogy and geochemistry of sediments deposited in recent centuries. Many findings are summarised, several of which lead to more general insights for the Dutch situation. Ca carbonates in sediments often have several provenances and thus must be considered as mixtures. Dolomite is commonly present in addition to calcite. The importance of biotite as weatherable mica is unclear. Weathering of heavy minerals plays some role but it is unclear in which way it affects the heavy mineral associations. Clays are usually dominated by illite, smectite and their interstratified variant, while kaolinite is usually below 20% and chlorite below 5%. Vermiculite is a minor constituent in fluvial clays and its illitisation presumably happens during early diagenesis in the marine environment. Opaque Fe hydroxides can be present in addition to Fe oxyhydroxide coatings and both will play a role in redox chemistry as reactive Fe minerals. Feldspars in marine sediments must be present but they have not been properly studied. The genesis of rattle stones and carbonate concretions has not been completely elucidated. The fraction of terrigeneous organic matter in estuarine and coastal marine sediments is substantial. The available data and information are spread irregularly over the country and the reviewed information discussed in this paper is derived from relatively small-scale studies dealing with a limited amount of analysed samples. Much information is available from the Scheldt estuaries in the southwestern part of the Netherlands partly due to the severe contamination of the Western Scheldt in recent decades.

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“…In WEOM from II Bhs, II Bh and II 2BCs, C 16 -C 18 n-alkanes are additionally detected without co-occurrence of the corresponding alkenes. These compounds are therefore most likely free alkanes trapped in the macromolecular network of WEOM (Deniau et al 2004). …”

Section: Thermally Assisted Hydrolysis and Methylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Podzolisation and exportation of organic matter in black waters of the Rio Negro (upper Amazon basin, Brazil)

et al. 2010

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In the Rio Negro basin, podzols develop at the expense of clay-depleted laterites through localized and spectacular weathering fronts. This natural process leads to the remobilization of previously accumulated organic matter (OM) which is redistributed within soil profiles and exported towards rivers, hence their typical black coloration. We investigate the fate of OM in the soil-water continuum in the Rio Negro basin through description of the composition of OM potentially mobile at different stages of podzol development and exploration of evidence for contributions from different soil horizons to the exportation of OM into waters. OM was water-extracted from seven key soil samples from a sequence representative of the transition between latosol and podzol on the low elevation plateaux of the Rio Negro basin, thus enabling following both vertical and lateral differentiations. The chemical structure of freeze-dried samples, investigated using 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM), shows contrasting features depending on the horizon considered. The bulk features of water extracts were first compared with samples collected in the water-tables and rivers draining the soil sequence. A molecular level comparison was then performed with groundwater draining the well-developed podzol. This approach evidenced a contribution from deep horizons of well-developed podzols. It highlights that OM is certainly remobilised after being accumulated in Bh horizons during the development of podzols through accumulation of OM redistributed from surface horizons. The identification of specific compounds opens new perspective to trace a ''podzolic origin'' of OM in drainage networks.

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Occurrence and nature of thermolabile compounds in the Boom Clay kerogen (Oligocene, underground Mol Laboratory, Belgium)

Cited by 22 publications

References 72 publications

Double-shot pyrolysis of the non-hydrolysable organic fraction isolated from a sandy forest soil (Landes de Gascogne, South-West France)

Double-shot pyrolysis of the non-hydrolysable organic fraction isolated from a sandy forest soil (Landes de Gascogne, South-West France)

The mineralogy of suspended matter, fresh and Cenozoic sediments in the fluvio-deltaic Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt–Ems area, the Netherlands: An overview and review

Podzolisation and exportation of organic matter in black waters of the Rio Negro (upper Amazon basin, Brazil)

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