Occurrence and risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in wastewater treatment plants. A case study: Seville city (Spain)

Santos, Juan Luís; Aparicio, Irene; Alonso, Esteban

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2006.09.014

Cited by 349 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Debska et al, 2004;Santos et al, 2007;Schwab et al, 2005). Caffeine's effect on the environment is not well understood, but does not appear to give cause for concern to freshwater organisms at currently detected concentrations (Moore et al, 2008).…”

Section: Lifestyle and Personal Care Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of risk from potential emerging contaminants in UK groundwater

Stuart

Lapworth

Crane

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

675

284

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This paper provides a review of the types of emerging organic groundwater contaminants (EGCs) which are beginning to be found in the UK. EGCs are compounds being found in groundwater that were previously not detectable or known to be significant and can come from agricultural, urban and rural point sources. EGCs include nanomaterials, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, industrial compounds, personal care products, fragrances, water treatment by-products, flame retardants and surfactants, as well as caffeine and nicotine. Many are relatively small polar molecules which may not be effectively removed by drinking water treatment. Data from the UK Environment Agency's groundwater screening programme for organic pollutants found within the 30 most frequently detected compounds a number of EGCs such as pesticide metabolites, caffeine and DEET. Specific determinands frequently detected include pesticides metabolites, pharmaceuticals including carbamazepine and triclosan, nicotine, food additives and alkyl phosphates. This paper discusses the routes by which these compounds enter groundwater, their toxicity and potential risks to drinking water and the environment. It identifies challenges that need to be met to minimise risk to drinking water and ecosystems.

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Section: Lifestyle and Personal Care Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of risk from potential emerging contaminants in UK groundwater

Stuart

Lapworth

Crane

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

675

284

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…OTC drugs). For example, ibuprofen is usually detected at very high concentrations (in μg l −1 ; Nakada et al 2006;Radjenovic et al 2007;Santos et al 2007;Terzic et al 2008). Although the percentage of elimination of this drug is very high, it is still detected in rivers downstream WWTPs due to a very high usage in human medicine.…”

Section: Sources and Levels Of Pharmaceuticals And Illicit Drugs In Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in conventional and membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plants and by riverbank filtration

Petrović

Alda

Díaz-Cruz

et al. 2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

154

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Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and drugs of abuse (DAs) are two important groups of emerging environmental contaminants that have raised an increasing interest in the scientific community. A number of studies revealed their presence in the environment. This is mainly due to the fact that some compounds are not efficiently removed during wastewater treatment processes, being able to reach surface and groundwater and subsequently, drinking waters. This paper reviews the data regarding the levels of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs detected in wastewaters and gives an overview of their removal by conventional treatment technologies (applying activated sludge) as well as advanced treatments such as membrane bioreactor. The paper also gives an overview of bank filtration practices at managed aquifer recharge sites and discusses the potential of this approach to mitigate the contamination by PhACs and DAs.

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“…The risk of OPEs for aquatic organisms was evaluated by the determination of risk quotient (RQ) values, as described by several previous reports (Cristale et al, 2013a;Li et al, 2012;Sanchez-Avila et al, 2012;Santos et al, 2007). RQ value of each compound in water was calculated using the following formula:…”

Section: Risk Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, distribution and seasonal variation of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in urban surface water in Beijing, China

Shi

Gao

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

269

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a b s t r a c tThe occurrence, spatial distribution and seasonal variation of 14 organophosphate esters (OPEs) were investigated in urban surface water (river and lake water) from July 2013 to June 2014 in Beijing, China. Sewage influent and effluent samples, as well as rainwater and road runoff samples were also analyzed as the potential sources of OPEs in surface water. Tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were the most abundant OPEs with the average concentrations of 291 ng L À1 and 219 ng L À1 , respectively. Relatively high concentrations of OPEs were detected in rivers located at southern and eastern urban of Beijing, which was probably attributed to the treated and untreated sewage discharge. Besides, higher levels of OPEs were observed in urban surface water in the summer, and the wet deposition (rainfall) was confirmed to be an important factor for this observation. Risk assessment showed low or medium risk of OPEs for the organisms (algae, crustacean and fish).

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Occurrence and risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in wastewater treatment plants. A case study: Seville city (Spain)

Cited by 349 publications

References 25 publications

Review of risk from potential emerging contaminants in UK groundwater

Review of risk from potential emerging contaminants in UK groundwater

Fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in conventional and membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plants and by riverbank filtration

Occurrence, distribution and seasonal variation of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in urban surface water in Beijing, China

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