Occurrence and seasonal variation of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectuson cereals in Bolu, Turkey

Abstract

IntroductionThe root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.; RLNs) rank third behind root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp. and Globodera spp.) in greatest economic impact in crops worldwide. Pratylenchus spp. are migratory endoparasites of several economically important crops in various climatic regions (Castillo and Vovlas, 2007), including Turkey (Kepenekci, 2012). Their ability to reproduce within host root tissues enables them to survive unfavorably dry conditions, when other soilinhabiting nematodes are limited by soil water availability (Vanstone et al., 1998).Field symptoms associated with Pratylenchus species are nonspecific and can be confused with the symptoms of other disease-causing agents, nutritional deficiencies, or water shortage (Castillo and Vovlas, 2007). Infested roots with RLNs show dead cortical and epidermal cells and loss of lateral roots and root hairs (Vanstone et al., 1998). Generally, invaded plants appear dwarfed with premature yellowing of older leaves, and many other growth parameters are negatively affected (Smiley et al., 2004). These symptoms are similar to those caused by nutrient deficiencies (Taylor et al., 1999) or by other fungal root rot diseases (Taheri et al., 1994), which makes their diagnosis hard in the field. Detecting and correctly identifying nematode species is the first step in managing their spread and preventing economic damage, yet morphological identification of Pratylenchus species is time-consuming and requires specialized expertise. It is therefore easier and more accurate to use molecular techniques such as biotechnological tools (Al-Banna et al., 2004), in particularly DNA-based techniques that have been designed to differentiate among different Pratylenchus species (Al-

Distribution and population density of plant parasitic nematodes on cereal production areas of Isparta and Burdur Provinces of Turkey

“…at high density of soil from cereal fields of Central Anatolia where it ranged between 133 and 749 nematodes/100 g soil. In addition, Dababat et al (2019) found for 12% of samples collected from five districts in Bolu Province that, on average, P. neglectus were at 155 nematodes/100 g soil, while 12% of samples had more than 250 nematodes/100 g soil. Yavuzaslanoğlu et al (2020) found that a higher density of nematodes in Karapınar, Kadınhanı, Selçuklu and Cihanbeyli Districts of Konya Province; a mean of 14 ± 14, 13 ± 8, 16 ± 16 and 9 ± 4 nematodes/100 g dry soil, respectively while Pratylenchoides spp.…”

“…Kasapoğlu Uludamar et al (2018) identified P. neglectus, P. thornei and P. alkani in soil from barley and wheat fields in Adıyaman. While P. neglectus has been reported to be widely distributed in Bolu Province (Dababat et al, 2019), P. thornei was more common in Konya and Karaman Provinces (Yavuzaslanoğlu et al, 2020). Yavuzaslanoğlu et al (2012) identified P. alkani, P. erzurumensis, P. variabilis, P. crenicauda and P. ritteri from soil samples from Central Anatolian Plateau.…”

Host suitability of wheat cultivars to Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)

“…Pathogenicity experiments were conducted with populations of P. thornei (PT18) and P. neglectus (PN2) obtained from the provincial center and Gerede District, Bolu Province in 2019, respectively (Dababat et al, 2019). The carrot discs were used to culture and maintain nematode populations in-vitro according to Moody et al (1973).…”

Histopathological changes of some resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars caused by plant parasitic nematodes

“…Nowadays, most information in all areas of plant parasitic nematodes is related to the development of host-parasite interaction. Many studies have been published about resistance of lesion, cyst and root knot nematodes, yield loss and control of plant parasitic nematodes (Pariyar et al, 2016;Fard et al, 2018;Özdemir & Gözel, 2018;Dababat et al, 2019).…”