Occurrence, Degradation and Fate of Pesticides During Composting

Büyüksönmez, Fatih; Rynk, Robert; Hess, Thomas F.; Bechinski, E. J.

doi:10.1080/1065657x.1999.10701986

Cited by 65 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These objectives are also applicable to remediation projects that use composting to degrade hazardous substances into innocuous end products.The process of compost bioremediation is similar to what occurs biologically in soil; however, composting may accelerate the destruction of contaminants (Buyuksonmez et al, 1999;Rao et al, 1996;Williams microbes → & Keehan, 1993).The composting process is primarily facilitated by a high concentration of biodegradable organic material in the compost matrix and an active microbial population. Such compost offers a good nutrient source for microbes (Laine & Jorgensen, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Bioremediation of contaminated soil and sediment by composting

Khan

Anjaneyulu

2006

Remediation

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Bioremediation of contaminated soil and sediment by composting

Khan

Anjaneyulu

2006

Remediation

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“…The safest approach to avoid potential detrimental effects of biosolids‐associated PPCPs to the environment is to ensure that the compounds are adequately degraded before biosolids land application. Composting has been used as an effective means to degrade xenobiotic organic contaminants such as pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trinitrotoluene (TNT), and perchlorate (Williams and Keehan, 1993; Rao et al, 1995; Wallace et al, 1998; Büyüksönmez et al, 1999; Weed et al, 1999). Composting may accelerate the degradation of organic contaminants due to their exposure to high microbial diversity and activity (especially thermophilic organisms), abundant substrates, high temperature, changing pH, and successive shifts in aerobic and anaerobic conditions in microenvironments within a composting system (Büyüksönmez et al, 1999; Barker and Bryson, 2002).…”

Section: Fate Of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products In Biosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biosolids initially containing approximately 450 mg kg −1 NP was mixed with wood shavings at dry weight ratios of 43:57, 65:35, and 84:16. The mixtures were then incubated aerobically at 25, 45, and 65°C with the moisture content maintained at 65% for up to 70 d. A temperature between 45 and 65°C is ideal for thermophilic microorganisms, while 25°C is an ideal temperature for mesophilic microorganisms (Büyüksönmez et al, 1999). In all treatments, a rapid degradation of NP occurred within 15 d of incubation, with a maximum removal rate of 80%.…”

Section: Fate Of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products In Biosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Biosolids

et al. 2005

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Each year, large quantities of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are used worldwide. Once conveyed to wastewater treatment plants, PPCPs can remain unchanged or undergo partial or complete transformation during wastewater treatment processes before discharge into the environment via effluent and biosolids for land application. Biosolids can be a major sink for some PPCPs. Previous investigations have indicated that land application of biosolids may be a potential important route through which PPCPs enter the environment. However, no information is available on exactly how closely the concentrations of PPCPs in the environmental media are related to the land application of PPCP-containing biosolids. This paper reviews currently available information on the occurrence of PPCPs in biosolids, methods of analysis, the potential fate of PPCPs in biosolids-applied soils, and composting as a potential means for removal of PPCPs from biosolids.

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“…It was chosen as the representative POP in this study for several reasons. First, it has been detected previously in a limited number of compost samples (Büyüksönmez et al, 2000; Strom, 2000). Second, technical chlordane was an agrochemical used in both agricultural and residential applications in substantial quantities, and is, therefore, expected to be a common weathered soil residue available for plant uptake and subsequent transfer to compost feedstock.…”

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confidence: 96%

Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment

et al. 2003

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The half-lives of some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in environmental compartments such as soil and air can be as long as decades. In spite of the hydrophobicity of many POPs, the literature contains reports of their uptake by, and translocation through, a variety of plants. Both these observations prompt the investigation of whether a vegetation-based environmental compartment such as compost contains significant residues of POPs. Previous reports imply that residues of technical chlordane will be found in compost. Due to its physicochemical properties, technical chlordane provides insights into the fate of POPs in the environment, which are not accessible through determinations of other pollutants in this group. Accordingly, we undertook the first comprehensive examination of technical chlordane residues in a variety of composts, specifically, 13 commercial and 39 municipal compost products, to both characterize and quantify the magnitude of this point source of contamination. Using chiral gas chromatography interfaced to ion trap mass spectrometry, the concentration and the compositional and enantiomeric profiles of chlordane components were determined. Of the 13 commercial products, 9 contained detectable chlordane concentrations, ranging from 4.7 to 292 microg/kg (dry wt.), while all 39 municipal products contained chlordane residues ranging from 13.9 to 415 microg/kg (dry wt.). The residue concentrations and profiles suggest possible feedstock sources for the chlordane in the finished compost product. The data also support the conclusion that some composts contribute to anthropogenic cycling of POPs through the biosphere.

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Occurrence, Degradation and Fate of Pesticides During Composting

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Bioremediation of contaminated soil and sediment by composting

Bioremediation of contaminated soil and sediment by composting

Occurrence and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Biosolids

Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment

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