Occurrence, ecological risk assessment and prioritization of pharmaceuticals and abuse drugs in estuarine waters along the São Paulo coast, Brazil

Roveri, Vinicius; Guimarães, Luciana Lopes; Toma, Walber; Correia, Alberto Teodorico

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-21945-w

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In the surface waters of these ve rivers, covering a section of 140 km, levels of cocaine and benzoylecgonine were detected, reaching up to 14.93 ng L -1 and 3.22 ng L -1 , respectively. These ndings demonstrate the ine cient removal of these compounds in water treatment systems (Roveri et al 2022a). 2022) conducted an analysis of the maritime coastal zone of Santa Catarina in the southern region of the country, speci cally in eight estuaries considered of signi cant importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Challenges and Perspectives in Environmental Monitoring Used in the Study of Illicit Drugs Consumption in Brazil: A Literature Review

Junior,

SANTANA,

Nascimento

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Brazil has one of the highest rates of illicit drug consumption and is considered a major corridor for the trafficking of illicit drugs worldwide. Thus, this article reviews the literature on the consumption, distribution, and main environmental impacts of illicit drugs in Brazil and analyzes the III National Survey on Drug Use by the Brazilian Population. The literature review is based on articles published in national and international journals between 2018 and 2023. This review consists of two analyses, the first of which addresses publications from the last six years on the monitoring of illicit drugs in Brazil and a second analysis based on the III National Survey on Drug Use that addresses the different possibilities of contact with drugs. The results revealed that the Southeast region of Brazil has the highest number of studies on the subject, especially in the state of São Paulo, while the North and Northeast regions have the lowest number of studies. The Midwest regions only have studies in the federal capital city, Brasília, while no studies were found in states bordering countries that produce illicit drugs, such as Paraguay and Bolivia. Analytical methods that use the concept of miniaturization, green chemistry, and the adoption of acceptance methods are frequent in most articles. Chemometric and statistical tools are widely used for the analysis, development, and conclusion of identification and quantification methods. In general, the most used analytical technique is LC-MS/TS, but other techniques have gained ground for the analysis of illicit drugs, such as GC-MS associated with sample preparation and analysis techniques like SPE, TV-LVI, LDI, MALDI, and FTIR, among others. Furthermore, the data show that the consumption of illicit drugs is increasing in Brazil, especially among young people. Thus, there is an urgent need to monitor the levels of illicit drugs in water bodies in different regions of the country to assess epidemiology and environmental contamination and gather indicators for social policies that curb the consumption of these drugs in the Brazilian population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Challenges and Perspectives in Environmental Monitoring Used in the Study of Illicit Drugs Consumption in Brazil: A Literature Review

Junior,

SANTANA,

Nascimento

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…For in silico studies, the EPI Suite TM program (version 4.11, November 2012) [ 48 ] developed by the USEPA with KOWWIN TM , WSKOWWIN TM , ECOSAR TM , and BCFBAF TM programs were used. The EPI Suite TM program uses a single input to run diverse validated estimation programs allowing to predict log K OW , WSol, bioaccumulation, and estimate toxicity for fish (96 h and 14 days) [ 31 , 49 , 50 ], daphnia (48 h and 21 days) [ 31 ], and green algae (48 h) [ 51 ], and ChV for fish, daphnia, and green algae ( Chlorophyta ). ChV is defined as the geometric mean by the following equation:

where the NOEC is the no-observed-effect concentration and the LOEC is the lowest-observed-effect concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Approach for Synthetic Cathinone Drug Prioritization and Risk Assessment: In Silico Approach and Sub-Chronic Studies in Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena thermophila

et al. 2023

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Synthetic cathinones (SC) are drugs of abuse that have been reported in wastewaters and rivers raising concern about potential hazards to non-target organisms. In this work, 44 SC were selected for in silico studies, and a group of five emerging SC was prioritized for further in vivo ecotoxicity studies: buphedrone (BPD), 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone (3,4-DMMC), butylone (BTL), 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC), and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). In vivo short-term exposures were performed with the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila (28 h growth inhibition assay) and the microcrustacean Daphnia magna by checking different indicators of toxicity across life stage (8 days sublethal assay at 10.00 µg L−1). The in silico approaches predicted a higher toxic potential of MDPV and lower toxicity of BTL to the model organisms (green algae, protozoan, daphnia, and fish), regarding the selected SC for the in vivo experiments. The in vivo assays showed protozoan growth inhibition with MDPV > BPD > 3,4-DMMC, whereas no effects were observed for BTL and stimulation of growth was observed for 3-MMC. For daphnia, the responses were dependent on the substance and life stage. Briefly, all five SC interfered with the morphophysiological parameters of juveniles and/or adults. Changes in swimming behavior were observed for BPD and 3,4-DMMC, and reproductive parameters were affected by MDPV. Oxidative stress and changes in enzymatic activities were noted except for 3-MMC. Overall, the in silico data agreed with the in vivo protozoan experiments except for 3-MMC, whereas daphnia in vivo experiments showed that at sublethal concentrations, all selected SC interfered with different endpoints. This study shows the importance to assess SC ecotoxicity as it can distress aquatic species and interfere with food web ecology and ecosystem balance.

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Illicit drugs in Brazil: environmental consequences and consumption patterns

da Silva Junior,

Santana,

Nascimento

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Occurrence, ecological risk assessment and prioritization of pharmaceuticals and abuse drugs in estuarine waters along the São Paulo coast, Brazil

Cited by 14 publications

References 70 publications

Challenges and Perspectives in Environmental Monitoring Used in the Study of Illicit Drugs Consumption in Brazil: A Literature Review

Challenges and Perspectives in Environmental Monitoring Used in the Study of Illicit Drugs Consumption in Brazil: A Literature Review

Integrated Approach for Synthetic Cathinone Drug Prioritization and Risk Assessment: In Silico Approach and Sub-Chronic Studies in Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena thermophila

Illicit drugs in Brazil: environmental consequences and consumption patterns

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