Occurrence, fate and determination of cytostatic pharmaceuticals in the environment

Kosjek, Tina; Heath, Ester

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2011.04.007

Cited by 215 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In general these so-called anticancer drugs can be released to the aquatic environment via 85 hospital or domestic wastewater (Kovalova, 2009;Kosjek and Heath, 2011;Ferrando-86 performed at hospital wastewater effluent prior to the connection with the WWTP. In 159 order to isolate the effect of T. versicolor onto the pollutants so discarding the activity 160 from the rest of microorganism present in the wastewater, two treatments were tested in 161 the wastewaters: Sample 1 was sterilized while Sample 2 was not sterilized.…”

Section: Introduction 69mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non conventional biological treatment based on Trametes versicolor for the elimination of recalcitrant anticancer drugs in hospital wastewater

et al. 2015

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Section: Introduction 69mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non conventional biological treatment based on Trametes versicolor for the elimination of recalcitrant anticancer drugs in hospital wastewater

et al. 2015

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“…Because of this, the amount of such drugs, their metabolites and transformation products in the environment is of great concern since they may induce adverse effects on both the environment and human health. A particular emphasis has been put on the impact on the aquatic environment (24,(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Antineoplastic Drugs Impact On the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgotten public health impacts of cancer – an overview

Viegas

Ladeira

Veiga

et al. 2017

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Cancer is one of the diseases of greatest concern in developed countries and much effort has been invested in discovering and developing therapeutics for curing cancer. Despite the improvements in antineoplastic therapeutics in the last decades, cancer is still one of the most harmful diseases worldwide. The global burden of cancer also implies financial costs: these can be direct costs, such as those related to treatment, care, and rehabilitation and indirect, which include the loss of economic output due to missed work (morbidity costs) and premature death (mortality costs). There are also hidden costs such as health insurance premiums and nonmedical expenses that are worth noting. This paper intends to present an overview of the generally forgotten impacts that the increasing number of cancer cases can have on the environment, workers who handle antineoplastic drugs, and health services. The knowledge available of each of the impacts will be addressed and discussed regarding the expected development. Overall, lessons learnt reflect on the impact of cancer through aspects not commonly evidenced in the literature or even considered in socio-economic analysis, in part due to the fact that these are difficult to contemplate in direct and indirect cancer costs already defined. Attention may be drawn to the need of continuous investment in prevention to reduce the negative impact on the environment, and in the health of workers who handle antineoplastic drugs for patients' treatment. KEY WORDS: costs of cancer; global burden; occupational healthGlobally, cancer is a growing public health problem. It is the second cause of death (21 %) after cardiovascular diseases (48 %), followed by respiratory diseases (12 %) in the sector of non-communicable diseases or diseases caused by non-infectious and non-transmissible medical conditions (1). Important resources are mobilised in order to improve research on new therapeutics, and ultimately devise a cure for this particular disease. Despite the increase in the effectiveness and specificity of chemotherapeutic treatments, cancer still remains one of the most harmful diseases (2-4).In 2012, worldwide incidence of cancer rose to an estimated 14 million new cases per year, with an estimated 8.2 million cancer deaths. The most common cancers diagnosed were of lung (1.8 million cases, 13 %), breast (1.7 million, 11.9 %) and colon (1.4 million, 9.7 %) (1

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“…Among pharmaceuticals the residues 77 antineoplastic drugs have been identified to be of particular environmental concern. They are 78 regularly detected in hospital and municipal effluents, although their concentrations are relatively 79 low in the ranges of ng/L to µg/L (Kosjek and Heath, 2011 Parrella et al, 2014Parrella et al, , 2015. 86 125 together they exhibit effect at EC 5 (if they act individually).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Beveridge 249 et al, 1998). 250 251 The residues of the antineoplastic drug 5-FU is has been regularly detected in hospital and 252 municipal effluents (Kosjek and Heath, 2011). In our previous study we determined ecotoxicty 253 of 5-FU towards P. subcapitata (Brezovšek et (Ferk et al, 2005) indicating, that it can 264 interact with genetic material although the mechanism its genotoxicity is not known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Ecotoxicity of disinfectant benzalkonium chloride and its mixture with antineoplastic drug 5-fluorouracil towards alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (v0.1)"

2018

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Background. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is one of the most common ingredients of the disinfectants. It is commonly detected in surface and wastewaters where it can interact with the residues of pharmaceuticals that are also common wastewater pollutants. Among the latter, the residues of antineoplastic drugs are of particular concern as recent studies showed that they can induce adverse effect in aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations.

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Occurrence, fate and determination of cytostatic pharmaceuticals in the environment

Cited by 215 publications

References 54 publications

Non conventional biological treatment based on Trametes versicolor for the elimination of recalcitrant anticancer drugs in hospital wastewater

Non conventional biological treatment based on Trametes versicolor for the elimination of recalcitrant anticancer drugs in hospital wastewater

Forgotten public health impacts of cancer – an overview

Peer Review #2 of "Ecotoxicity of disinfectant benzalkonium chloride and its mixture with antineoplastic drug 5-fluorouracil towards alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (v0.1)"

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