Occurrence of anticyclonic eddies on the Prince Edward Plateau (Southern Ocean): effects on phytoplankton biomass and production

Perissinotto, Renzo; Rae, C. M. Duncombe

doi:10.1016/0198-0149(90)90006-h

Cited by 73 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This results in a weak interaction between the ACC and the archipelago and this in turn allows the retention of waters on the interisland shelf (Pakhomov & Chown 2003). By contrast, when the SAF lies in close proximity to the islands, advection forces prevail and a flow through-flow system is established between the islands (Perissinotto & Duncombe Rae 1990;Pakhomov et al 2000b). The retention of waters over the shallow island shelf when eddies are trapped between the islands contributes to the build-up of nutrient concentrations derived from the freshwater runoff from the islands within the inter-island region (Allanson et al 1985).…”

Section: Terrestrial/pelagic Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient dynamics in the vicinity of the Prince Edward Islands

Smith¹,

Froneman²

2008

The Prince Edward Islands: Land-Sea Interactions in a Changing Ecosystem.

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Section: Terrestrial/pelagic Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient dynamics in the vicinity of the Prince Edward Islands

Smith¹,

Froneman²

2008

The Prince Edward Islands: Land-Sea Interactions in a Changing Ecosystem.

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“…However, these eddies are not just vehicles for carrying foreign organisms; there is evidence that they intrinsically affect the primary productivity of their waters (e.g. Perissinotto & Duncombe Rae 1990, Ansorge et al 1999, Froneman et al 1999, Perissinotto et al 2000 in ways that are not yet well understood.…”

Section: Physical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of mesoscale oceanographic features by grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma in the southern Indian Ocean

Nel

Lütjeharms²,

Pakhomov³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

172

160

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Breeding grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma, tracked from Marion Island (Prince Edward Islands) during November-December 1997 and January-February 1998, showed a strong association with mesoscale oceanographic features, as identified by sea surface height anomalies, in the southern Indian Ocean. During incubation, most birds foraged to the north of the island, at the edges of anomalies created by the Agulhas Return Current in the Subtropical Convergence and the Subantarctic zones. In contrast, during chick-rearing all tracked birds foraged to the southwest of the island, at the edges of anomalies along the South-West Indian Ridge. Previous work in this area has shown that these anomalies are in fact eddies that are created as the Antarctic Circumpolar Current crosses the South-West Indian Ridge. Diet samples taken during the chick-rearing period showed a predominance of fresh specimens of the predatory fish Magnisudis prionosa and the squid Martialia hyadesi. Myctophid fish and amphipods Themisto gaudichaudii, both known prey of M. hyadesi, were also well represented in our samples. Diet samples taken from tracked birds showed birds feeding at edges of positive anomalies returning with fresh specimens of M. prionosa and M. hyadesi. Predatory fish and squid are thus presumably concentrated at these features. Eddies formed at the South-West Indian Ridge have also been shown to drift closer to Marion Island, within the foraging range of penguins and seals breeding on Marion Island. We therefore suggest that these mesoscale oceanographic features may be an important component of the 'life-support' system enabling globally significant populations of seabirds and seals to breed at the Prince Edward Islands. KEY WORDS: Albatross · Foraging ecology · Diet · OceanographyResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Monthly averages of SST were calculated from July 1995 until January 2006 in an area centered on Crozet Archipelago, bounded by 43-47°S, 46 -56°E. This subsector corresponds to the yearly most productive subsector in the Crozet region, shallow shelves and weak currents acting as a retention zone (42), SST in this area might therefore influence the primary productivity. Similar calculations were performed for [Chla] data in this same subsector from September 1997 (first data available in this region) to April 2006.…”

Section: Oceanographic Context and Environmental Descriptors Simentioning

confidence: 99%

King penguin population threatened by Southern Ocean warming

Bohec

Durant

Gauthier‐Clerc

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

113

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Seabirds are sensitive indicators of changes in marine ecosystems and might integrate and/or amplify the effects of climate forcing on lower levels in food chains. Current knowledge on the impact of climate changes on penguins is primarily based on Antarctic birds identified by using flipper bands. Although flipper bands have helped to answer many questions about penguin biology, they were shown in some penguin species to have a detrimental effect. Here, we present for a Subantarctic species, king penguin ( Aptenodytes patagonicus ), reliable results on the effect of climate on survival and breeding based on unbanded birds but instead marked by subcutaneous electronic tags. We show that warm events negatively affect both breeding success and adult survival of this seabird. However, the observed effect is complex because it affects penguins at several spatio/temporal levels. Breeding reveals an immediate response to forcing during warm phases of El Niño Southern Oscillation affecting food availability close to the colony. Conversely, adult survival decreases with a remote sea-surface temperature forcing (i.e., a 2-year lag warming taking place at the northern boundary of pack ice, their winter foraging place). We suggest that this time lag may be explained by the delay between the recruitment and abundance of their prey, adjusted to the particular 1-year breeding cycle of the king penguin. The derived population dynamic model suggests a 9% decline in adult survival for a 0.26°C warming. Our findings suggest that king penguin populations are at heavy extinction risk under the current global warming predictions.

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Occurrence of anticyclonic eddies on the Prince Edward Plateau (Southern Ocean): effects on phytoplankton biomass and production

Cited by 73 publications

References 26 publications

Nutrient dynamics in the vicinity of the Prince Edward Islands

Nutrient dynamics in the vicinity of the Prince Edward Islands

Exploitation of mesoscale oceanographic features by grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma in the southern Indian Ocean

King penguin population threatened by Southern Ocean warming

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