Occurrence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and Dark Septate Endophytes in Hydrophytes from Lakes and Streams in Southwest China

Wang, Kai; Zhao, Zhi-Wei

doi:10.1002/iroh.200510827

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…All plant species examined contained DSE, and AMF were indicated in all but one plant species, suggesting that mycorrhizal fungi can be expected to be ubiquitous components of southern Louisiana marshes. Moreover, colonization levels were comparable to those in other U.S. wetlands (e.g., Cornwell et al 2001;Bauer et al 2003;Weishampel and Bedford 2006), and higher than those recorded in wetlands of Asia (Kai and Zhiwei 2006) or Europe (Sraj-Krzic et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

How Abundant are Root-Colonizing Fungi in Southeastern Louisiana’s Degraded Marshes?

et al. 2010

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Despite earlier notions that fungi are not important in wetlands, it is becoming clear that root endophytes are abundant in wetlands and potentially can influence plant community dynamics. Little is known about the effects of wetland degradation on these fungi. We assessed two groups of root endophytes in a degrading marsh in southeast Louisiana that historically was a swamp forest dominated by Taxodium distichum (baldcypress) and Nyssa aquatica (water tupelo). We determined percent root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) in each of 18 vascular plant species. Fungi were present in all species that were assessed. In general, monocots were primarily colonized by DSE, whereas dicots were primarily colonized by AMF. Taxodium distichum was heavily colonized by AMF, as was the non-native, invasive Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera). This study is the first to show that wetland plants in a degraded marsh harbor abundant and diverse root endophytes. These fungi and their interactions with stressed plants may be important in effective management of degrading wetlands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

How Abundant are Root-Colonizing Fungi in Southeastern Louisiana’s Degraded Marshes?

et al. 2010

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“…The most highly specialised hydrophytes, floating plants with few or no roots, such as Ceratophyllum sp., are unlikely to ever be mycorrhizal and floating aquatic plants such as Azolla, Eichhornia, Lemna and Marsilea spp. are usually considered to be NM (Maeda 1954;Ragupathy and Mahadevan 1993;Beck-Nielsen and Madsen 2001;Kai and Zhiwei 2006;Radhika and Rodrigues 2007). In some hydrophytes, the majority of root samples with GFC lack arbuscules (Radhika and Rodrigues 2007).…”

Section: Parasites (18 Families ∼4500 Spp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis

2009

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A comprehensive appraisal of the mycorrhizal literature provides data for 336 plant families representing 99% of flowering plants, with regard to mycorrhizas and other nutritional adaptations. In total, arbuscular (AM), orchid, ectomycorrhizas (EM) and ericoid mycorrhizas and nonmycorrhizal (NM) roots occur in 74%, 9%, 2%, 1% and 6% of Angiosperm species respectively. Many families of NM plants have alternative nutritional strategies such as parasitism, carnivory, or cluster roots. The remaining angiosperms (8%) belong to families reported to have both AM and NM species. These are designated as NM-AM families here and tend to occur in habitats considered non-conducive to mycorrhizal fungi, such as epiphytic, aquatic, extremely cold, dry, disturbed, or saline habitats. Estimated numbers of species in each category of mycorrhizas is presented with lists of NM and EM families. Evolutionary trends are also summarised by providing data on all clades and orders of flowering and non-flowering vascular plants on a global scale. A case study of Western Australian plants revealed that plants with specialised nutritional modes such as carnivory, cluster roots, or EM were much more diverse in this ancient landscape with infertile soils than elsewhere. Detailed information on the mycorrhizal diversity of plants presented here is linked to a website (mycorrhizas.info) to allow data to remain current. Over a century of research effort has resulted in data on mycorrhizal associations of >10,000 plant species that are of great value, but also somewhat of a liability due to conflicting information about some families and genera. It is likely that these conflicts result in part from misdiagnosis of mycorrhizal associations resulting from a lack of standardisation in criteria used to define them. Families that contain both NM and AM species provide a second major source of inconsistency, but even when these are excluded there is a ∼10% apparent error rate in published lists of mycorrhizal plants. Arbuscules are linked to AM misdiagnosis since they are used less often than vesicles to recognise AM associations in roots and apparently occur sporadically in NM plants. Key issues with the diagnosis of mycorrhizal plants are discussed using the Cyperaceae as a case study. Detailed protocols designed to consistently distinguish AM from endophytic Glomeromycotan Fungus Colonisation (GFC) are provided. This review aims to stimulate debate and provide advice to researchers delving into root biology.

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“…AM fungi are obligate plant root symbionts that obtain carbon from host plants and in return deliver a variety of benefits to plants that include improved nutrient (especially phosphorous (P)) acquisition and enhanced resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress (Smith and Read 2008). While the AM symbiosis is widespread in terrestrial ecosystems and obligate mycorrhizal plant species tend to prefer dry habitats (Hempel et al 2013), there is growing evidence that aquatic and semi-aquatic plants also form the AM symbiosis (Søndergaard and Laegaard 1977;Sengupta and Chaudhuri 2002;Kai and Zhao 2006;Sraj-Krzic et al 2006;de Marins et al 2009). The occurrence and functioning of AM symbiosis among isoëtid plants-rosette-forming species inhabiting the oxygenated sediments of oligotrophic freshwater lakes-have been a focus of research for decades (Søndergaard and Laegaard 1977;Beck-Nielsen and Madsen 2001;Nielsen et al 2004;Baar et al 2011;Møller et al 2013;Sudova et al 2011Sudova et al , 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AM fungal communities inhabiting the roots of submerged aquatic plant Lobelia dortmanna are diverse and include a high proportion of novel taxa

et al. 2016

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While the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is known to be widespread in terrestrial ecosystems, there is growing evidence that aquatic plants also form the symbiosis. It has been suggested that symbiosis with AM fungi may represent an important adaptation for isoëtid plants growing on nutrient-poor sediments in oligotrophic lakes. In this study, we address AM fungal root colonization intensity, richness and community composition (based on small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing) in five populations of the isoëtid plant species Lobelia dortmanna inhabiting oligotrophic lakes in Southern Sweden. We found that the roots of L. dortmanna hosted rich AM fungal communities and about 15 % of the detected molecular taxa were previously unrecorded. AM fungal root colonization intensity and taxon richness varied along an environmental gradient, being higher in oligotrophic and lower in mesotrophic lakes. The overall phylogenetic structure of this aquatic fungal community differed from that described in terrestrial systems: The roots of L. dortmanna hosted more Archaeosporaceae and fewer Glomeraceae taxa than would be expected based on global data from terrestrial AM fungal communities.

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Occurrence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and Dark Septate Endophytes in Hydrophytes from Lakes and Streams in Southwest China

Cited by 41 publications

References 40 publications

How Abundant are Root-Colonizing Fungi in Southeastern Louisiana’s Degraded Marshes?

How Abundant are Root-Colonizing Fungi in Southeastern Louisiana’s Degraded Marshes?

Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis

AM fungal communities inhabiting the roots of submerged aquatic plant Lobelia dortmanna are diverse and include a high proportion of novel taxa

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