Occurrence of Biogenic Amines Producers in the Wastewater of the Dairy Industry

Abstract

Out of six samples of wastewater produced in the dairy industry, taken in 2017 at various places of dairy operations, 86 bacterial strains showing decarboxylase activity were isolated. From the wastewater samples, the species of genera Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Microbacterium, Kocuria, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacter were identified by the MALDI-TOF MS and biochemical methods. The in vitro produced quantity of eight biogenic amines (BAs) was detected by the HPLC/UV–Vis method. All the isolated bacteria were able to produce four to eight BAs. Tyramine, putrescine and cadaverine belonged to the most frequently produced BAs. Of the isolated bacteria, 41% were able to produce BAs in amounts >100 mg L−1. Therefore, wastewater embodies a potential vector of transmission of decarboxylase positive microorganisms, which should be taken into consideration in hazard analyses within foodstuff safety control. The parameters of this wastewater (contents of nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, and proteins) were also monitored.

Technological and Safety Characterization of Kocuria rhizophila Isolates From Traditional Ethnic Dry-Cured Ham of Nuodeng, Southwest China

“…The concentration of precursor amino acid used in this earlier study was 1,000-fold lower than that used here, and it was thus unlikely that our method failed to detect biogenic amine production by the K. rhizophila isolates. Jančová et al (2020) analyzed the ability of two K. rhizophila and one K. varians isolates from dairy wastewater to produce eight biogenic amines. Except for spermidine, the production of other biogenic amines was detected, with that of putrescine, cadaverine and tyramine being the most significant ( Jančová et al, 2020 ).…”

“… Jančová et al (2020) analyzed the ability of two K. rhizophila and one K. varians isolates from dairy wastewater to produce eight biogenic amines. Except for spermidine, the production of other biogenic amines was detected, with that of putrescine, cadaverine and tyramine being the most significant ( Jančová et al, 2020 ). It should be noted that only the production of the biogenic amines of most concern was examined in the present study.…”

The Importance of Protein Fingerprints in Bacterial Identification

“…In an experiment done in 2017 by Jančová et al (2020), in two seasons (summer and autumn), wastewater samples were obtained from six offtake points that are linked to the processing of various dairy products and are crucial for the drainage of wastewater, as it is known, milk and dairy products represent a suitable environment for the growth of microorganisms, that may influence, through their metabolic activity (positively or negatively), the product quality. by Using the MALDI-TOF MS and biochemical methods, identified 77 bacterial strains belonging to 19 bacterial genera out of 89 isolated colonies, plus three fungi -Candida parapsilosis Metschnikowia pulcherrima, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa were successfully identified.…”

Characterization of ESBL producing E. coli from chicken feces by phenotypic methods and MALDI-TOF MS

“…There are other studies conducted on MALDI-TOF MS in which high rates of bacteria are identified from different sources (wastewater, rural areas, etc.) [18][19][20]. It is increasingly preferred for the identification of Gram (-) bacteria of fecal origin from food and farm animals [21,22].…”