Occurrence of bovine mastitis and isolation of &lt;i&gt;Staphyloccocus&lt;/i&gt; species from fresh cow milk in settled Fulani herds in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Umaru, Gali Abaka; Kwaga, J. K. P.; Bellò, Marilena; Raji, Muhabat Adeola; Maitala, Y.S.

doi:10.4314/bajopas.v10i1.38

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…From this study, 65% of sampled cows had subclinical mastitis. This deviates largely from levels of sub-clinical mastitis reported by some workers such as 19.7% (Umaru et al, 2019), 23.9% (Umaru et al, 2017), 30.9% (Suleiman et al, 2012) who studied the situation in other parts of Nigeria. These variations may be related to the use of CMT for sub-clinical mastitis determination as opposed to SCC used in the present study as well as other cow and management factors.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…Although the level of milk production in locally reared cattle can be attributed primarily to breed indisposition to dairying, another major factor that greatly contributes to low levels of milk yield from the nomadic dairy ventures is the presence of mammary gland infections or inflammation. Some reports have shown varying prevalence rates of mastitis in both intensively and nomadic/seminomadic dairy farms in several parts of Nigeria (Junaidu et al, 2011;Shittu et al, 2012;Suleiman et al, 2012;Umaru et al, 2017;Makolo et al, 2019). Most of these studies have employed the use of the cow side California Mastitis Test (CMT), an indirect test of somatic cells in milk, alone or in combination with bacteriological confirmation of causative agents of infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Somatic cell counts and bacteria in milk from two nomadic herds in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Thomas¹,

Alarape²,

Oliwo³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Mastitis, the inflammation of the mammary gland, is a major endemic disease affecting dairy production worldwide. Costs of treatment and control of mastitis contributes to major losses to the dairy industry especially if the condition is not promptly and accurately diagnosed, thus necessitating the engagement of regular and reliable means of recognising intra-mammary infections. Somatic cell counting, which has been recognized as a major standard for mastitis diagnosis in milk, was utilized in this study as a direct measure of intramammary inflammation (IMI), along with bacterial culture and isolation to establish the presence of mammary infections in cows from two nomadic herds. Milk from all four quarters (composite samples) of each of 100 cows at various stages of lactation, were obtained and subjected to Levowitz-Weber staining of duplicate smears and direct microscopic counting of somatic cells. Culture and isolation of sterile milk swabs and subsequent identification by morphology, gram staining and biochemical tests were employed to assess the presence of mastitis-causing pathogens in the samples. Using ≤100,000 cells/ml as cut off for non-mastitic milk, sub-clinical mastitis (SM), was determined in 70 (70%) of the examined samples. Contagious pathogens, namely; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus species and others as well as environmental bacteria, E. coli and Enterococcus species amongst others, were isolated from the samples. This result circuitously indicates the level of losses to dairy production through poor milk quality and yield, costs of treatment and culling obtainable in the nomadic dairying venture. The need for routine evaluation of raw milk and other dairy products emanating from the itinerant pastoralists, using sensitive and reliable parameters to facilitate prompt diagnosis, targeted treatment and rapid control of cow to cow or herd to herd spread of IMI is highlighted in this study.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic cell counts and bacteria in milk from two nomadic herds in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Thomas¹,

Alarape²,

Oliwo³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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“…This category included 42 studies, with the inclusive eligibility criteria in which diverse phenotypic or genotypic methods were utilized ([14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55], Tables S1–S3). These studies sought to detect the presence and extent of AMR in collected samples with a selected panel of antibiotics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 80 studies excluded did not directly relate to the objectives or yielded information that could be subjected to organized peer review and data analysis. The 59 included studies were sorted into three categories of 42 antimicrobial resistance studies [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55], 16 antimicrobial residue studies [56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71], and 1 antiseptic or disinfectants study [72]. The PRISMA-style flowchart was modified and used for this analytical review (Figure S1) [73].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Food Animals and the Environment in Nigeria: A Review

Oloso

Fagbo

Garbati

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global health threat, which has elicited a high-level political declaration at the United Nations General Assembly, 2016. In response, member countries agreed to pay greater attention to the surveillance and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship. The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control called for a review of AMR in Nigeria using a “One Health approach”. As anecdotal evidence suggests that food animal health and production rely heavily on antimicrobials, it becomes imperative to understand AMR trends in food animals and the environment. We reviewed previous studies to curate data and evaluate the contributions of food animals and the environment (2000–2016) to the AMR burden in Nigeria using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart focused on three areas: Antimicrobial resistance, residues, and antiseptics studies. Only one of the 48 antimicrobial studies did not report multidrug resistance. At least 18 bacterial spp. were found to be resistant to various locally available antimicrobials. All 16 residue studies reported high levels of drug residues either in the form of prevalence or concentration above the recommended international limit. Fourteen different “resistotypes” were found in some commonly used antiseptics. High levels of residues and AMR were found in food animals destined for the human food chain. High levels of residues and antimicrobials discharged into environments sustain the AMR pool. These had evolved into potential public health challenges that need attention. These findings constitute public health threats for Nigeria’s teeming population and require attention.

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“…A separate study by Modaresi et al (2022) observed a significant contamination rate of 8.12% of S. aureus in the sampled raw milk substrates, consistent with the earlier findings. These variations are mainly attributable to differences in animal husbandry practices, milking techniques, and surrounding sanitary conditions (Umaru et al, 2016), all of which can lead to end-product contamination. Therefore, it is essential to maintain standard hygienic conditions throughout milk collection, production, transportation, and distribution while implementing effective control and monitoring programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of major enterotoxin genes and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk in the Yazd province, Iran

Forouzani‐Moghaddam,

Habibi,

Hosseini‐Safa

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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IntroductionRaw milk is a nutrient‐rich food, but it may harbour harmful bacteria, such as enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which can cause staphylococcal food poisoning. Antibiotic resistance of S. aureus in raw milk can increase the risk of such infections, particularly among susceptible individuals.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of enterotoxin genes a, d, g, i and j and the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus isolated from raw milk samples.MethodsDuring a 6‐month sampling period, 60 raw milk specimens were obtained from diverse locations in Yazd province, Iran. Antibiogram profiling was conducted via the disc diffusion method. In addition, staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes a, d, g, i, and j were detected through real‐time PCR analysis.ResultsBacteriological assays confirmed the presence of S. aureus in 11 samples (18.3%). All isolates demonstrated 100% resistance to penicillin G but exhibited sensitivity to vancomycin, while resistance to other antibiotics ranged from 36.4% to 45.5%. The prevalence of enterotoxin genes in these strains showed variable distribution, with sea being the predominant SE (45.5%), followed by sed (36.4%), seg (18.2), sej and sei (9.1% each).ConclusionsThis study discovered the presence of multiple enterotoxins in S. aureus strains obtained from raw milk samples. These strains also demonstrated resistance to a variety of antibiotics. Since enterotoxigenic S. aureus is known to cause human food poisoning, monitoring food hygiene practices, especially during raw milk production, is critical.

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Occurrence of bovine mastitis and isolation of <i>Staphyloccocus</i> species from fresh cow milk in settled Fulani herds in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Somatic cell counts and bacteria in milk from two nomadic herds in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Somatic cell counts and bacteria in milk from two nomadic herds in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Antimicrobial Resistance in Food Animals and the Environment in Nigeria: A Review

Rapid detection of major enterotoxin genes and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk in the Yazd province, Iran

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