Occurrence of bovine tuberculosis at Nyala abattoirs in South Darfur State, Sudan

Abstract

L’objectif de l’étude a été de déterminer l’incidence de la tuberculose chez les bovins abattus dans les abattoirs de Nyala, Etat du Darfour du Sud au Soudan, pendant la période d’avril 2006 à mai 2008. Au total, 2 794 bovins ont été examinés pour la présence de lésions tuberculeuses. Ces dernières (n = 163) ont été retrouvées dans 40 (1,4 p. 100) animaux, sept ayant présenté une tuberculose généralisée et 33 une tuberculose localisée, principalement dans les poumons, les ganglions lymphatiques thoraciques, et/ou dans le foie, la rate, les reins et les ganglions lymphatiques mésentériques. Des échantillons tissulaires ont été placés soit dans une solution de formol à 10 p. 100 pour un examen histopathologique de routine, soit dans de la glace pour un examen en microscopie directe et une mise en culture. La microscopie directe a montré que 124 (76,1 p. 100) lésions tuberculeuses contenaient des bacilles acido-alcoolo-résistants, tandis que 17 (10,4 p. 100) isolats de Mycobacterium spp. ont pu être cultivés en milieu de culture de Löwenstein-Jensen pur et identifiés comme étant M. bovis (n = 11) et M. farcinogenes (n = 6). Une inflammation granulomateuse a été observée dans toutes les coupes de lésions tuberculeuses. D’autres études seront nécessaires pour identifier les espèces de mycobactéries responsables de la tuberculose chez d’autres espèces animales.

Epidemiology and microscopic diagnosis of tuberculosis in pigs and small ruminants slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir, Burkina Faso

“…Despite the microscopic examination low sensitivity, our study found a prevalence above the 13.33% found in Algeria in goats (Naima et al 2011 ) and 10.89% found in Democratic Republic of Congo (Luboya et al 2017 ). However, the prevalence obtained in the present study was below 76.1% found in cattle in Sudan (Aljameel et al 2015 ). As TB microscopy is most often focused on diagnosis of human cases, the AFB search in animal samples requires patience and special attention because of the morphological dissimilarities between the different types of TB bacilli, human and bovine.…”

Mycobacterial infections in carcasses of ruminants slaughtered at the two slaughterhouses of Kassala, Sudan

“…Animal reproduction and breeding as well as livestock trade at national and international levels are directly and adversely affected by mycobacterial infections (Radostits et al, 2007;Ehsan and Nganwa, 2014;Ramos et al, 2015). TB and other mycobacterial infections are quite prevalent in dairy growing mycobacterium species have also been detected (Sulieman and Hamid, 2002;Oloya et al, 2007;Osman, 2007;Manal et al, 2010;Asil et al, 2013;Aljameel et al, 2014;Nalapa et al, 2017). Environmental risk factors, malnutrition, presence of other diseases, and heavy infestation with endoparasites are important factors that increase the susceptibility of animals to TB (Radostits et al, 2007;Ehsan and Nganwa, 2014).…”

“…Overall in Sudan, the prevalence of granulomatous lesions suggestive of TB in slaughtered ruminant carcasses has been reported to range from 0.01% to 8.0% in different parts of the country. Lesions have been found in organs or lymph nodes, or generalized in the whole carcass (Manal et al, 2010;Asil et al, 2013;Aljameel et al, 2014;Ehsan and Nganwa, 2014). With the exception of one study that reported a small number of dairy cattle (11/569) that were positive by the tuberculin skin test in Eastern Sudan (Ayman et al, 2014), prevalence of TB in dairy and fattening farms has not been investigated in Sudan.…”

“…Mycobacterium bovis, M. caprae, and M. tuberculosis are responsible for causing TB in cattle, goats, and humans respectively and occasionally in other animal species (Malone et al, 2003;Smith et al, 2006;Radostits et al, 2007;Marianelli et al, 2010;Mamo et al, 2011). Moreover, different species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria are able to cause infections in different species of animals (Radostits et al, 2007;Asil et al, 2013;Aljameel et al, 2014).…”

“…Tuberculin skin test and postmortem inspection remain the most important and economically affordable techniques, especially in resource-limited countries (Schiller et al, 2010;Ramos et al, 2015). Recently, few studies have investigated the prevalence of TB-suggestive lesions in cattle carcasses in the central and western parts of Sudan (Osman, 2007;Manal et al, 2010;Asil et al, 2013;Ehsan and Nganwa, 2014;Aljameel et al, 2014). The aim of the present study was to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of TB and other mycobacterial infections in carcasses of ruminants slaughtered in Kassala in Eastern Sudan, as well as to identify the Mycobacterium species causing the infections.…”